Articles

Intravenous methylprednisolone or immunoglobulin for anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 antibody autoimmune encephalitis: which is better?

Patients positive for anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) antibodies have attracted increasing attention. Their clinical manifestations are highly heterogeneous and can be comorbid with tumors. Current...

Authors: Tao-Ran Li, Yu-Di Zhang, Qun Wang, Xiao-Qiu Shao, Zhi-Mei Li and Rui-Juan Lv

Dopamine response gene pathways in dorsal striatum MSNs from a gene expression viewpoint: cAMP-mediated gene networks

Medium spiny neurons (MSNs) comprise the main body (95% in mouse) of the dorsal striatum neurons and represent dopaminoceptive GABAergic neurons. The cAMP (cyclic Adenosine MonoPhosphate)—mediated cascade of e...

Authors: Vladimir N. Babenko, Anna G. Galyamina, Igor B. Rogozin, Dmitry A. Smagin and Natalia N. Kudryavtseva

Neuropathological changes in dorsal root ganglia induced by pyridoxine in dogs

Pyridoxine (PDX; vitamin B₆), is an essential vitamin. PDX deficiency induces various symptoms, and when PDX is misused it acts as a neurotoxicant, inducing severe sensory neuropathy.

Authors: Sumin Yun, Woosuk Kim, Min Soo Kang, Tae Hyeong Kim, Yoonhwan Kim, Jin-Ok Ahn, Jung Hoon Choi, In Koo Hwang and Jin-Young Chung

Correction to: Wnt3a induces exosome secretion from primary cultured rat microglia

Following the publication of this article [1], it has been noted by the authors that an image of the same cell nuclei has been used in error twice, in Fig. 8, parts A and B. These images are redundant in this ...

Authors: Claudie Hooper, Ricardo Sainz-Fuertes, Steven Lynham, Abdul Hye, Richard Killick, Alice Warley, Cecilia Bolondi, Jennifer Pocock and Simon Lovestone

Neuromyelitis optica: a pilot study of clinical presentation and status of serological biomarker AQP4 among patients admitted to a tertiary centre in NCNS, Sudan

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a demyelinating disease primarily affecting the optic nerves and spinal cord. It is distinguished from other demyelinating conditions by the presence of AQP4-IgG and serum aquapor...

Authors: Etedal Ahmed AbuElbasher Ibrahim, Fatima Gammer and Alsadig Gassoum

Suppression of behavioral activity and hippocampal noradrenaline caused by surgical stress in type 2 diabetes model mice

There has been much discussion recently about the occurrence of neuropsychological complications during the perioperative period. Diabetes is known to be one of the metabolic risk factors. Although the number ...

Authors: Momoka Nishimura, Yuki Nomura, Moritoki Egi, Norihiko Obata, Makoto Tsunoda and Satoshi Mizobuchi

Identifying the pulsed neuron networks’ structures by a nonlinear Granger causality method

It is a crucial task of brain science researches to explore functional connective maps of Biological Neural Networks (BNN). The maps help to deeply study the dominant relationship between the structures of the...

Authors: Mei-jia Zhu, Chao-yi Dong, Xiao-yan Chen, Jing-wen Ren and Xiao-yi Zhao

Proximity ligation assay reveals both pre- and postsynaptic localization of the APP-processing enzymes ADAM10 and BACE1 in rat and human adult brain

Synaptic degeneration and accumulation of amyloid β-peptides (Aβ) are hallmarks of the Alzheimer diseased brain. Aβ is synaptotoxic and produced by sequential cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) by...

Authors: Jolanta L. Lundgren, Lina Vandermeulen, Anna Sandebring-Matton, Saheeb Ahmed, Bengt Winblad, Monica Di Luca, Lars O. Tjernberg, Elena Marcello and Susanne Frykman

Sexual dimorphism following in vitro ischemia in the response to neurosteroids and mechanisms of injury

Cerebral ischemic stroke is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Sex differences exist following stroke in terms of incidence, symptoms, outcomes and response to some treatments. Importantly, molecu...

Authors: Raeed Altaee and Claire L. Gibson

Carbonyl-protein content increases in brain and blood of female rats after chronic oxycodone treatment

Opioids are the most effective drugs commonly prescribed to treat pain. Due to their addictive nature, opioid pain relievers are now second to marijuana, ahead of cocaine with respect to dependence. Ours and o...

Authors: Ruping Fan, Lisa M. Schrott, Stephen Snelling, John Felty, Derrel Graham, Patrick L. McGauly, Thomas Arnold and Nadejda L. Korneeva

Capturing multiple interaction effects in L1 and L2 object-naming reaction times in healthy bilinguals: a mixed-effects multiple regression analysis

It is difficult to set up a balanced higher-order full-factorial experiment that can capture multiple intricate interactions between cognitive and psycholinguistic factors underlying bilingual speech productio...

Authors: Severin Schramm, Noriko Tanigawa, Lorena Tussis, Bernhard Meyer, Nico Sollmann and Sandro M. Krieg

Proteomics profiling and pathway analysis of hippocampal aging in rhesus monkeys

Aged rhesus monkeys exhibit deficits in memory mediated by the hippocampus. Although extensive research has been carried out on the characteristics of human hippocampal aging, there is still very little scient...

Authors: Shu Meng, Wenchao Xia, Meng Pan, Yangjie Jia, Zhanlong He and Wei Ge

Folic acid ameliorates depression-like behaviour in a rat model of chronic unpredictable mild stress

Depression is characterized by significant and low mood. Classical antidepressants are still not adequate in treating depression because of undesirable side effects. Folic acid, a member of the vitamin B compl...

Authors: Yue Zhou, Yu Cong and Huan Liu

Altered functional connectivity of the nucleus accumbens subdivisions in amphetamine-type stimulant abusers: a resting-state fMRI study

The growing abuse of amphetamine-type stimulants leads to new challenges to human health. A possible addiction mechanism has been proposed by altered functional architecture of the nucleus accumbens (NAc) duri...

Authors: Yun Wang, Kai-Juan Yan, Chen-Xiao Fan, Xiao-Nian Luo and Yuan Zhou

The Bdnf and Npas4 genes are targets of HDAC3-mediated transcriptional repression

Histone deacetylase-3 (HDAC3) promotes neurodegeneration in various cell culture and in vivo models of neurodegeneration but the mechanism by which HDAC3 exerts neurotoxicity is not known. HDAC3 is known to be...

Authors: Anto Sam Crosslee Louis Sam Titus, Dharmendra Sharma, Min Soo Kim and Santosh R. D’Mello

Lipopolysaccharide worsens the prognosis of experimental cerebral ischemia via interferon gamma-induced protein 10 recruit in the acute stage

Infection is an important clinical complication facing stroke-patients and triples the risk of death within 30 days post-stroke via mechanisms which are poorly understood.

Authors: Ping Wang, Jiaqi Zhang, Feifei Guo, Shuang Wang, Yi Zhang, Defeng Li, Haiyu Xu and Hongjun Yang

Inhibition of autophagy triggers melatonin-induced apoptosis in glioblastoma cells

Autophagy is considered to be another restorative focus for the treatment of brain tumors. Although several research have demonstrated that melatonin induces autophagy in colon cancer and hepatoma cells, there...

Authors: Nan Zhou, Zi Xuan Wei and Zeng Xin Qi

Amiodarone exacerbates brain injuries after hypoxic–ischemic insult in mice

Sodium ion transportation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of hypoxic–ischemic brain injury. Amiodarone, a Vaughan-Williams class III antiarrhythmic drug, has been widely used to treat life-threatening...

Authors: Masakazu Kotoda, Sohei Hishiyama, Tadahiko Ishiyama, Kazuha Mitsui and Takashi Matsukawa

Chondroitinase ABC reduces dopaminergic nigral cell death and striatal terminal loss in a 6-hydroxydopamine partial lesion mouse model of Parkinson’s disease

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterised by dopaminergic cell loss within the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) that leads to reduced striatal dopamine content and resulting motor deficits. Identifying new...

Authors: Edward J. R. Fletcher, Lawrence D. F. Moon and Susan Duty

Ketamine affects the integration of developmentally generated granule neurons in the adult stage

Ketamine has been reported to cause neonatal neurotoxicity in a variety of developing animal models. Various studies have been conducted to study the mechanism of neurotoxicity for general anesthetic use durin...

Authors: Zhanqiang Zhao, Bing Li, Yuqing Wu, Xujun Chen, Yan Guo, Yang Shen and He Huang

LPS immune challenge reduces arcuate nucleus TSHR and CART mRNA and elevates plasma CART peptides

The aim was to examine the impact of lipopolysaccharide-induced systemic inflammation on expression of mRNA for cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) and the thyrotropin receptor (TSHR) and its ...

Authors: Jonathan R. Burgos, Britt-Marie Iresjö, Linda Olsson and Ulrika Smedh

Diazepam and ethanol differently modulate neuronal activity in organotypic cortical cultures

The pharmacodynamic results of diazepam and ethanol administration are similar, in that each can mediate amnestic and sedative-hypnotic effects. Although each of these molecules effectively reduce the activity...

Authors: Matthias Kreuzer, Paul S. García, Verena Brucklacher-Waldert, Rebecca Claassen, Gerhard Schneider, Bernd Antkowiak and Berthold Drexler

Localization of phosphotyrosine adaptor protein ShcD/SHC4 in the adult rat central nervous system

Mammalian Shc (Src homology and collagen) proteins comprise a family of four phosphotyrosine adaptor molecules which exhibit varied spatiotemporal expression and signaling functions. ShcD is the most recently ...

Authors: Hannah N. Robeson, Hayley R. Lau, Laura A. New, Jasmin Lalonde, John N. Armstrong and Nina Jones

28th Annual Computational Neuroscience Meeting: CNS*2019

Authors:

Sleep disturbances and gastrointestinal dysfunction are associated with thalamic atrophy in Parkinson’s disease

Non-motor symptoms are common aspects of Parkinson’s disease (PD) occurring even at the prodromal stage of the disease and greatly affecting the quality of life. Here, we investigated whether non-motor symptom...

Authors: Flavia Niccolini, Heather Wilson, Beniamino Giordano, Konstantinos Diamantopoulos, Gennaro Pagano, Kallol Ray Chaudhuri and Marios Politis

Altered activity in the nucleus raphe magnus underlies cortical hyperexcitability and facilitates trigeminal nociception in a rat model of medication overuse headache

The pathogenesis of medication overuse headache (MOH) involves hyperexcitability of cortical and trigeminal neurons. Derangement of the brainstem modulating system, especially raphe nuclei may contribute to th...

Authors: Prangtip Potewiratnanond, Supang Maneesri le Grand, Anan Srikiatkhachorn and Weera Supronsinchai

Weak correlations between serum and cerebrospinal fluid levels of estradiol, progesterone and testosterone in males

Neuroactive steroids seem to be implicated in a variety of neurophysiological and behavioral processes, such as sleep, learning, memory, stress, feeding and aging. Numerous studies have also addressed this imp...

Authors: Jan Martin, Eva Plank, Bettina Jungwirth, Alexander Hapfelmeier, Armin Podtschaske and Simone M. Kagerbauer

Synaptic plasticity in hippocampal CA1 neurons and learning behavior in acute kidney injury, and estradiol replacement in ovariectomized rats

Neurological complications may occur in patients with acute or chronic renal failure; however, in cases of acute renal failure, the signs and symptoms are usually more pronounced, and progressed rapidly. Oxida...

Authors: Fatemeh Sharifi, Parham Reisi and Maryam Malek

The role of PI3K-mediated AMPA receptor changes in post-conditioning of propofol in brain protection

We aimed to study the role of amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid receptor (AMPAR) glutamate receptor 2 (GluR2) subunit trafficking, and activity changes in short-term neuroprotection provided b...

Authors: Chenxu Wang, Ying Wei, Yuan Yuan, Yonghao Yu, Keliang Xie, Beibei Dong, Yuan Shi and Guolin Wang

Mouse corticospinal system comprises different functional neuronal ensembles depending on their hodology

Movement performance depends on the synaptic interactions generated by coherent parallel sensorimotor cortical outputs to different downstream targets. The major outputs of the neocortex to subcortical structu...

Authors: Rafael Olivares-Moreno, Mónica López-Hidalgo, Alain Altamirano-Espinoza, Adriana González-Gallardo, Anaid Antaramian, Verónica Lopez-Virgen and Gerardo Rojas-Piloni

Analgesic treatment limits surrogate parameters for early stress and pain response after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage

In animal research, authorities require a classification of anticipated pain levels and a perioperative analgesia protocol prior to approval of the experiments. However, data on this topic is rare and so is th...

Authors: Irina Staib-Lasarzik, Nadine Nagel, Anne Sebastiani, Eva-Verena Griemert and Serge C. Thal

Preferential activation of small cutaneous fibers through small pin electrode also depends on the shape of a long duration electrical current

Electrical stimulation is widely used in experimental pain research but it lacks selectivity towards small nociceptive fibers. When using standard surface patch electrodes and rectangular pulses, large fibers ...

Authors: Rosa Hugosdottir, Carsten Dahl Mørch, Ole Kæseler Andersen, Thordur Helgason and Lars Arendt-Nielsen

Altered excitability of small cutaneous nerve fibers during cooling assessed with the perception threshold tracking technique

There is a need for new approaches to increase the knowledge of the membrane excitability of small nerve fibers both in healthy subjects, as well as during pathological conditions. Our research group has previ...

Authors: Rosa Hugosdottir, Carsten Dahl Mørch, Cecilia Klitgaard Jørgensen, Camilla Winther Nielsen, Mathias Vassard Olsen, Mads Jozwiak Pedersen and Jenny Tigerholm

Spatio-temporal characterization of S- and M/L-cone degeneration in the Rd1 mouse model of retinitis pigmentosa

The Pde6brd1 (Rd1) mouse is widely used as a murine model for human retinitis pigmentosa. Understanding the spatio-temporal patterns of cone degeneration is important for evaluating potential treatments. In th...

Authors: Daniel S. Narayan, Jack Ao, John P. M. Wood, Robert J. Casson and Glyn Chidlow

TNF-α antagonist attenuates systemic lipopolysaccharide-induced brain white matter injury in neonatal rats

Systemic inflammation is an important risk factor for neurodevelopmental impairments in preterm infants. Premyelinating oligodendrocytes are main building blocks of white matter in preterm infants and vulnerab...

Authors: Seung Han Shin, Ee-Kyung Kim, Kyung-yup Lee and Han-Suk Kim

Behavior, protein, and dendritic changes after model traumatic brain injury and treatment with nanocoffee particles

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a widespread public health problem and a signature injury of our military in modern conflicts. Despite the long-term effects of even mild brain injuries, an effective treatment ...

Authors: Whitney A. Ratliff, Jessica N. Saykally, Ronald F. Mervis, Xiaoyang Lin, Chuanhai Cao and Bruce A. Citron

Brain arousal regulation and depressive symptomatology in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the stability of brain arousal in adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) outpatients with and without depressive symptomatology, and its association ...

Authors: Jue Huang, Christine Ulke and Maria Strauss

Comparative study of striatum GABA concentrations and magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging in Parkinson's disease monkeys

Parkinson's disease is a progressive degenerative nervous system disease. Recent studies have shown that secondary changes in the GABA system play directly affect the pathogenesis of PD. There is still much de...

Authors: Lixuan Huang, Yande Ren, Zisan Zeng, Hao Ren, Shaojun Li, Shengnan He, Fan He and Xiangrong Li

Isoliquiritigenin attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced cognitive impairment through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity

Oxidative stress and neuroinflammation are central pathogenic mechanisms common to many neurological diseases. Isoliquiritigenin (ISL) is a flavonoid in licorice with multiple pharmacological properties, inclu...

Authors: Xiaobo Zhu, Jiankun Liu, Shaojie Chen, Jiang Xue, Shanying Huang, Yibiao Wang and Ou Chen

A safety study of 500 μA cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation in rat

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a noninvasive neural control technology that has become a research hotspot. To facilitate further research of tDCS, the biosafety of 500 μA cathodal tDCS, a co...

Authors: Keying Zhang, Ling Guo, Junping Zhang, Guangzhou An, Yan Zhou, Jiajin Lin, Junling Xing, Mai Lu and Guirong Ding

Morphologic changes in the visual cortex of patients with anisometropic amblyopia: a surface-based morphometry study

Amblyopia is generally considered a neurodevelopmental disorder that results from abnormal visual experiences in early childhood and may persist to adulthood. The neural basis of amblyopia has been a matter of...

Authors: Minglong Liang, He Xiao, Bing Xie, Xuntao Yin, Jian Wang and Hong Yang

Exploration of time–frequency reassignment and homologous inter-hemispheric asymmetry analysis of MCI–AD brain activity

In this study, nonlinear based time–frequency (TF) and time domain investigations are employed for the analysis of electroencephalogram (EEG) signals of mild cognitive impairment–Alzheimer’s disease (MCI–AD) p...

Authors: T. Nimmy John, Puthankattil Subha Dharmapalan and N. Ramshekhar Menon

Cardiovascular risk and encoding-related hippocampal connectivity in older adults

Cardiovascular conditions contribute to brain volume loss, reduced cerebrovascular health, and increased dementia risk in aging adults. Altered hippocampal connectivity has also been observed in individuals wi...

Authors: Liesel-Ann C. Meusel, Carol E. Greenwood, Andrea Maione, Ekaterina Tchistiakova, Bradley J. MacIntosh and Nicole D. Anderson

Post-surgical inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase attenuates the plantar incision-induced postoperative pain behavior via spinal Akt activation in male mice

Postoperative pain (POP) is a severe acute pain encountered in patients suffering from an operation, and is less than adequately controlled by the currently available analgesics. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase ...

Authors: Bing Xu, Cheng Mo, Chengmei Lv, Susu Liu, Jun Li, Jieying Chen, Yanhong Wei, Hongwei An, Li Ma and Xuehai Guan

Short-term dynamics of input and output of CA1 network greatly differ between the dorsal and ventral rat hippocampus

The functional heterogeneity of the hippocampus along its longitudinal axis at the level of behavior is an established concept; however, the neurobiological mechanisms are still unknown. Diversifications in th...

Authors: Andriana Koutsoumpa and Costas Papatheodoropoulos

Impact of inflammation on brain subcellular energetics in anesthetized rats

Emerging data suggests that volatile anesthetic agents may have organ protection properties in the setting of critical illness. The purpose of this study was to better understand the effect of inflammation on ...

Authors: Robert H. Thiele, Hari P. Osuru, Umadevi Paila, Keita Ikeda and Zhiyi Zuo

Chronic exposure to high fat diet triggers myelin disruption and interleukin-33 upregulation in hypothalamus

Hypothalamic inflammation including astrogliosis and microglia activation occurs after intake of high fat diet (HFD) in rodent models or in obese individuals. However, the effect of chronic HFD feeding on olig...

Authors: Hui-Ting Huang, Sheng-Feng Tsai, Hung-Tsung Wu, Hsin-Ying Huang, Han-Hsueh Hsieh, Yu-Ming Kuo, Po-See Chen, Chung-Shi Yang and Shun-Fen Tzeng

An enhanced staining method K-B-2R staining for three-dimensional nerve reconstruction

Three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of human peripheral nerves, as a useful tool to understand the nerve internal information and functional basis, has become an important area of research in the peripheral ...

Authors: Peng Luo, Jianghui Dong, Jian Qi, Yi Zhang, Xiaolin Liu, Yingchun Zhong, Cory J. Xian and Liping Wang

Abnormal resting-state cerebral-limbic functional connectivity in bipolar depression and unipolar depression

Distinctive patterns of functional connectivity (FC) abnormalities in neural circuitry has been reported in patients with bipolar depression (BD) and unipolar depression (UD). However, it is unclear that wheth...

Authors: Chang Liu, Weidan Pu, Guowei Wu, Jie Zhao and Zhimin Xue

The involvement of spinal annexin A10/NF-κB/MMP-9 pathway in the development of neuropathic pain in rats

Neuropathic pain (NP) is a prevalent disease, which badly impairs the life quality of patients. The underlying mechanism of NP is still not fully understood. It has been reported that spinal Annexin A10 (ANXA1...

Authors: LiHong Sun, Qi Xu, WenXin Zhang, CuiCui Jiao, Hui Wu and XinZhong Chen