Articles

Saccharomyces boulardii improves the behaviour and emotions of spastic cerebral palsy rats through the gut-brain axis pathway

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a kind of disability that influences motion, and children with CP also exhibit depression-like behaviour. Inflammation has been recognized as a contributor to CP and depression, and some...

Authors: Deshuang Tao, Tangwu Zhong, Wei Pang and Xiaojie li

Cascade process mediated by left hippocampus and left superior frontal gyrus affects relationship between aging and cognitive dysfunction

Cognitive function declines with age and has been shown to be associated with atrophy in some brain regions, including the prefrontal cortex. However, the details of the relationship between aging and cognitiv...

Authors: Yumika Kokudai, Motoyasu Honma, Yuri Masaoka, Masaki Yoshida, Haruko Sugiyama, Akira Yoshikawa, Nobuyoshi Koiwa, Satomi Kubota, Natsuko Iizuka, Sayaka Wada, Shotaro Kamijo, Yuki Uchida, Satoshi Yano, Masahiro Ida, Kenjiro Ono and Masahiko Izumizaki

Overt speech critically changes lateralization index and did not allow determination of hemispheric dominance for language: an fMRI study

Pre-surgical mapping of language using functional MRI aimed principally to determine the dominant hemisphere. This mapping is currently performed using covert linguistic task in way to avoid motion artefacts p...

Authors: David Hassanein Berro, Jean-Michel Lemée, Louis-Marie Leiber, Evelyne Emery, Philippe Menei and Aram Ter Minassian

Metformin attenuates LPS-induced neuronal injury and cognitive impairments by blocking NF-κB pathway

Neuroinflammatory response is considered to be a high-risk factor for cognitive impairments in the brain. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) is an endotoxin that induces acute inflammatory responses in injected bodies....

Authors: Chenliang Zhou, Bo Peng, Zhenghui Qin, Wei Zhu and Cuiping Guo

Effect of increased positive end-expiratory pressure on intracranial pressure and cerebral oxygenation: impact of respiratory mechanics and hypovolemia

To evaluate the impact of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) on intracranial pressure (ICP) in animals with different respiratory mechanics, baseline ICP and volume status.

Authors: Han Chen, Xiao-Fen Zhou, Da-Wei Zhou, Jian-Xin Zhou and Rong-Guo Yu

Comparison of the effects of open vs. closed skill exercise on the acute and chronic BDNF, IGF-1 and IL-6 response in older healthy adults

Accumulating evidence shows that physical exercise has a positive effect on the release of neurotrophic factors and myokines. However, evidence regarding the optimal type of physical exercise for these release...

Authors: Tom Behrendt, Franziska Kirschnick, Lasse Kröger, Phillip Beileke, Maxim Rezepin, Tanja Brigadski, Volkmar Leßmann and Lutz Schega

Eye movement characteristics in male patients with deficit and non-deficit schizophrenia and their relationships with psychiatric symptoms and cognitive function

The cognitive impairment pattern of deficit schizophrenia (DS) is centered on an impaired attention function. Previous studies have suggested that the exploratory eye movement (EEM) tests reflect attention def...

Authors: Lin Zhang, Xiangrong Zhang, Xinyu Fang, Chao Zhou, Lu Wen, Xinming Pan, Fuquan Zhang and Jiu Chen

Electrolytic lesions of the bilateral ventrolateral orbital cortex not only directly reduce depression-like behavior but also decreased desperate behavior induced by chronic unpredicted mild stress in rats

Previous studies have revealed that ventrolateral orbital cortex (VLO) may play an important role in the regulation of emotional behavior. However, it is not known what effect VLO damage will have on emotion r...

Authors: Zheng Chu, Wei Han, Peng Liu, Fei Liu, Gang Lei, Lisha Deng, Liu Yang and Yonghui Dang

Fibroblast growth factor 21 associating with serotonin and dopamine in the cerebrospinal fluid predicts impulsivity in healthy subjects

Impulsivity is more commonly reported in subjects with mental disorders compared to healthy subjects, suggesting a potential application of impulsivity in predicting impulsivity-related mental disorders. Howev...

Authors: Jinzhong Xu, Fenzan Wu, Yuying Li, Fan Wang, Wenhui Lin, Song Qian, Hui Li, Yuncao Fan, Huai Li, Lijing Chen, Haiyun Xu, Li Chen, Yanlong Liu, Xiaokun Li and Jue He

Effects of electrical muscle stimulation on cerebral blood flow

Electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) induces involuntary muscle contraction. Several studies have suggested that EMS has the potential to be an alternative method of voluntary exercise; however, its effects on ...

Authors: Soichi Ando, Yoko Takagi, Hikaru Watanabe, Kodai Mochizuki, Mizuki Sudo, Mami Fujibayashi, Shinobu Tsurugano and Kohei Sato

Changes of cerebral cortical structure and cognitive dysfunction in “healthy hemisphere” after stroke: a study about cortical complexity and sulcus patterns in bilateral ischemic adult moyamoya disease

Moyamoya disease (MMD) is an uncommon cerebrovascular disease which leads to progressive stenosis and occlusion of the bilateral internal carotid artery and main intracerebral arteries. Concerns are always on ...

Authors: Ziqi Liu, Shihao He, Yanchang Wei, Ran Duan, Cai Zhang, Tian Li, Ning Ma, Xin Lou, Rong Wang and Xiaoyuan Liu

Association of decreased triadin expression level with apoptosis of dopaminergic cells in Parkinson’s disease mouse model

Parkinson’s disease (PD) represent a loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) of the midbrain. However, its cause remains unknown and Triadin (TRDN) function in the brain is also unknown. To e...

Authors: Min Hyung Seo, Sabina Lim and Sujung Yeo

Retraction Note to: miR-320a affects spinal cord edema through negatively regulating aquaporin-1 of blood–spinal cord barrier during bimodal stage after ischemia reperfusion injury in rats

Authors: Xiao-Qian Li, Bo Fang, Wen-Fei Tan, Zhi-Lin Wang, Xi-Jia Sun, Zai-Li Zhang and Hong Ma

Hypothetical molecular interconnection between type 2 diabetes and dyslexia

Dyslexia is one of the most common learning disabilities, especially among children. Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic disorder that affects a large population globally, with metabolic disorders. There have been ...

Authors: Tuğba Bülbül, Maryam Baharlooie, Zahra Safaeinejad, Ali Osmay Gure and Kamran Ghaedi

Cerebral ventriculomegaly in myotonic dystrophy type 1: normal pressure hydrocephalus-like appearances on magnetic resonance imaging

Cerebral ventriculomegaly is an abnormal feature characteristic of myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1). This retrospective study investigated the morphologic changes accompanied by ventriculomegaly in DM1 on brain...

Authors: Saya Iida, Hiroko Seino, Fumiko Nagahata, Soichiro Tatsuo, Sho Maruyama, Seiko Kon, Hiroto Takada, Masashi Matsuzaka, Koichiro Sugimoto and Shingo Kakeda

Electrical stimulation of the common peroneal nerve and its effects on the relationship between corticomuscular coherence and motor control in healthy adults

Sensory input via neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) may contribute to synchronization between motor cortex and spinal motor neurons and motor performance improvement in healthy adults and stroke pati...

Authors: Tadaki Koseki, Daisuke Kudo, Natsuki Katagiri, Shigehiro Nanba, Mitsuhiro Nito, Shigeo Tanabe and Tomofumi Yamaguchi

A systematic review of common genetic variation and biological pathways in autism spectrum disorder

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition characterized by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction. Common genetic variation appears to play a key role in the...

Authors: Diego Alejandro Rodriguez-Gomez, Danna Paola Garcia-Guaqueta, Jesús David Charry-Sánchez, Elias Sarquis-Buitrago, Mariana Blanco, Alberto Velez-van-Meerbeke and Claudia Talero-Gutiérrez

The neurodevelopmental basis of schizophrenia: clinical clues from craniofacial dysmorphology in northwest Ethiopia, 2020

The neurodevelopmental speculation of schizophrenia states that the pathogenesis of schizophrenia starts with early fetal or neonatal neurocraniofacial development rather than youthful adulthood when manic sig...

Authors: Binalfew Tsehay and Girma Seyoum

Publisher Correction to: Uptake of Aβ by OATPs might be a new pathophysiological mechanism of Alzheimer disease

Authors: Jinhua Wen, Menghua Zhao, Wenxiong Sun, Xiaohua Cheng, Luyi Yu, Duanwen Cao and Pu Li

The functional indexes of RBCs and microcirculation in the traumatic brain injury with the action of 2-ethil-6-methil-3-hydroxypiridin succinate

To study the RBCs functional and metabolic parameters and the microcirculatory brain structure at traumatic brain injury (TBI) under the action of 2-ethyl-6-methyl-3-hydroxypyridine succinate.

Authors: V. Polozova Anastasia, A. Boyarinov Gennadii, O. Nikolsky Viktor, V. Zolotova Marina and V. Deryugina Anna

NRXN1α^+/- is associated with increased excitability in ASD iPSC-derived neurons

NRXN1 deletions are identified as one of major rare risk factors for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and other neurodevelopmental disorders. ASD has 30% co-morbidity with epilepsy, and the latter is associated wit...

Authors: Sahar Avazzadeh, Leo R. Quinlan, Jamie Reilly, Katya McDonagh, Amirhossein Jalali, Yanqin Wang, Veronica McInerney, Janusz Krawczyk, Yicheng Ding, Jacqueline Fitzgerald, Matthew O’Sullivan, Eva B. Forman, Sally A. Lynch, Sean Ennis, Niamh Feerick, Richard Reilly…

Evaluating a new verbal working memory-balance program: a double-blind, randomized controlled trial study on Iranian children with dyslexia

It is important to improve verbal Working Memory (WM) in reading disability, as it is a key factor in learning. There are commercial verbal WM training programs, which have some short-term effects only on the ...

Authors: Mehdi Ramezani, Saeed Behzadipour, Ehsan Pourghayoomi, Mohammad Taghi Joghataei, Elham Shirazi and Angela J. Fawcett

Ceftriaxone therapy attenuates brain trauma in rats by affecting glutamate transporters and neuroinflammation and not by its antibacterial effects

Ceftriaxone is a β-lactam antibiotic used to treat central nervous system infections. Whether the neuroprotective effects of ceftriaxone after TBI are mediated by attenuating neuroinflammation but not its anti...

Authors: Sher-Wei Lim, Hui-Chen Su, Tee-Tau Eric Nyam, Chung-Ching Chio, Jinn-Rung Kuo and Che-Chuan Wang

Uptake of Aβ by OATPs might be a new pathophysiological mechanism of Alzheimer disease

The accumulation of neurotoxic amyloid-beta (Aβ) in the brain is a characteristic of Alzheimer's disease (AD), at the same time, it is possible alterations of liver function could affect brain Aβ levels throug...

Authors: Jinhua Wen, Menghua Zhao, Wenxiong Sun, Xiaohua Cheng, Luyi Yu, Duanwen Cao and Pu Li

Effect of extremely low frequency magnetic fields on oxidative balance in rat brains subjected to an experimental model of chronic unpredictable mild stress

There has been an increasing interest in researching on the effects of extremely low-frequency magnetic fields on living systems. The mechanism of action of extremely low-frequency magnetic fields on organisms...

Authors: Leticia R. Quesnel-Galván, Patricia V. Torres-Durán, David Elías-Viñas and Leticia Verdugo-Díaz

Brain multimodal co-alterations related to delay discounting: a multimodal MRI fusion analysis in persons with and without cocaine use disorder

Delay discounting has been proposed as a behavioral marker of substance use disorders. Innovative analytic approaches that integrate information from multiple neuroimaging modalities can provide new insights i...

Authors: Christina S. Meade, Xiang Li, Sheri L. Towe, Ryan P. Bell, Vince D. Calhoun and Jing Sui

Differential effects of rat ADSCs encapsulation in fibrin matrix and combination delivery of BDNF and Gold nanoparticles on peripheral nerve regeneration

Fibrin as an extracellular matrix feature like biocompatibility, creates a favorable environment for proliferation and migration of cells and it can act as a reservoir for storage and release of growth factors...

Authors: Shahnaz Razavi, Maliheh Jahromi, Elham Vatankhah and Reihaneh Seyedebrahimi

Five-year outcomes after IVIG for mild cognitive impairment due to alzheimer disease

The purpose of this study was to assess the five-year treatment effects of a short course of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) in subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) due to Alzheimer disease (AD).

Authors: Shawn Kile, William Au, Carol Parise, Kimberley Rose, Tammy Donnel, Andrea Hankins, Yvonne Au, Matthew Chan and Azad Ghassemi

Stressor controllability modulates the stress response in fish

In humans the stress response is known to be modulated to a great extent by psychological factors, particularly by the predictability and the perceived control that the subject has of the stressor. This psycho...

Authors: Marco Cerqueira, Sandie Millot, Tomé Silva, Ana S. Félix, Maria Filipa Castanheira, Sonia Rey, Simon MacKenzie, Gonçalo A. Oliveira, Catarina C. V. Oliveira and Rui F. Oliveira

The disrupted topological properties of structural networks showed recovery in ischemic stroke patients: a longitudinal design study

Stroke is one of the leading causes of substantial disability worldwide. Previous studies have shown brain functional and structural alterations in adults with stroke. However, few studies have examined the lo...

Authors: Yongxin Li, Zeyun Yu, Ping Wu and Jiaxu Chen

Epileptiform activity in mouse hippocampal slices induced by moderate changes in extracellular Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺, and K⁺

Rodent brain slices—particularly hippocampal slices—are widely used in experimental investigations of epileptiform activity. Oxygenated artificial cerebrospinal fluid (ACSF) is used to maintain slices in vitro...

Authors: Haiyu Liu, Sai Zhang and Liang Zhang

In vivo oxygen measurement in cerebrospinal fluid of pigs to determine physiologic and pathophysiologic oxygen values during CNS infections

During infection and inflammation, a reduced oxygen level clearly affects cellular functions. Oxygen levels during CNS infections are unknown. Here we established and evaluated an in vivo measurement system to...

Authors: Nicole de Buhr, Alexander Martens, Marita Meurer, Marta C. Bonilla, Franz Söbbeler, Lara Twele, Stephan Neudeck, Michael Wendt, Andreas Beineke, Sabine Kästner and Maren von Köckritz-Blickwede

The neuroprotective effects of AMN082 on neuronal apoptosis in rats after traumatic brain injury

The aim of this study was to investigate whether AMN082 exerts its neuroprotective effect by attenuating glutamate receptor-associated neuronal apoptosis and improving functional outcomes after traumatic brain...

Authors: Chung-Che Lu, Tee-Tau Eric Nyam, Jinn-Rung Kuo, Yao-Lin Lee, Chung-Ching Chio and Che-Chuan Wang

Phenotypic overlap between atopic dermatitis and autism

Autism, a childhood behavioral disorder, belongs to a large suite of diseases, collectively referred to as autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Though multifactorial in etiology, approximately 10% of ASD are assoc...

Authors: Kyong-Oh Shin, Debra A. Crumrine, Sungeun Kim, Yerin Lee, Bogyeong Kim, Katrina Abuabara, Chaehyeong Park, Yoshikazu Uchida, Joan S. Wakefield, Jason M. Meyer, Sekyoo Jeong, Byeong Deog Park, Kyungho Park and Peter M. Elias

Brain size reductions associated with endothelin B receptor mutation, a cause of Hirschsprung’s disease

ET_B has been reported to regulate neurogenesis and vasoregulation in foetal development. Its dysfunction was known to cause HSCR, an aganglionic colonic disorder with syndromic forms reported to associate with bo...

Authors: Ko-Chin Chen, Zan-Min Song and Geoffrey D. Croaker

Memantine ameliorates cognitive deficit in AD mice via enhancement of entorhinal–CA1 projection

Memantine, a low- to moderate-affinity uncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist, has been shown to improve cognitive functions in animal models of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Here we treated APP/PS...

Authors: Peng Li, Jin Xu, Huanhuan Gu, Hua Peng, You Yin and Jianhua Zhuang

Retraction Note to: Differential regulation of wild-type and mutant alpha-synuclein binding to synaptic membranes by cytosolic factors

This article has been retracted. Please see the Retraction Notice for more detail: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12868-021-00644-1

Authors: Sabine Wislet-Gendebien, Naomi P. Visanji, Shawn N. Whitehead, Diana Marsilio, Weimin Hou, Daniel Figeys, Paul E. Fraser, Steffany A. L. Bennett and Anurag Tandon

MMP9 modulation improves specific neurobehavioral deficits in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease

Matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9) has been implicated in a variety of neurological disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), where MMP9 levels are elevated in the brain and cerebrovasculature. Previously o...

Authors: Charis Ringland, Jonas Elias Schweig, Maxwell Eisenbaum, Daniel Paris, Ghania Ait-Ghezala, Michael Mullan, Fiona Crawford, Laila Abdullah and Corbin Bachmeier

Overexpression of the receptor for advanced glycation end-products in the auditory cortex of rats with noise-induced hearing loss

The receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) is involved in neuroinflammation. This study investigated the changes in RAGE expression following noise-induced hearing loss.

Authors: Chang Ho Lee, Kyung Woon Kim, Da-hye Lee, So Min Lee and So Young Kim

Causal relationship of CA3 back-projection to the dentate gyrus and its role in CA1 fast ripple generation

Pathophysiological evidence from temporal lobe epilepsy models highlights the hippocampus as the most affected structure due to its high degree of neuroplasticity and control of the dynamics of limbic structur...

Authors: Miguel A. Núñez-Ochoa, Gustavo A. Chiprés-Tinajero, Nadia P. González-Domínguez and Laura Medina-Ceja

Inhibitory control training reveals a common neurofunctional basis for generic executive functions and language switching in bilinguals

The neural networks underpinning language control and domain-general executive functions overlap in bilinguals, but existing evidence is mainly correlative. Here, we present the first neurofunctional evidence ...

Authors: Yan Jing Wu, Mo Chen, Guillaume Thierry, Yongben Fu, Junjie Wu and Taomei Guo

Impairments in brain perfusion, executive control network, topological characteristics, and neurocognition in adult patients with asymptomatic Moyamoya disease

Asymptomatic Moyamoya disease (MMD) impairs hemodynamic and cognitive function. The relationship between these changes, cerebral blood flow (CBF), and network connectivity remains largely unknown. The aim of t...

Authors: Shihao He, Ziqi Liu, Yanchang Wei, Ran Duan, Zongsheng Xu, Cai Zhang, Li Yuan, Tian Li, Ning Ma, Xin Lou, Xiaoyuan Liu and Rong Wang

Time spent on the smartphone does not relate to manual dexterity in young adults

The Grooved Pegboard Test (GPT) is widely adopted to evaluate manual dexterity, it presents normative data but the test is influenced by different factors. The influence of time spent on smartphones has not be...

Authors: Luca Petrigna, Milda Treigienė, Ewan Thomas, Diba Mani, Simona Pajaujiene, Patrik Drid, Gioacchino Lavanco, Antonio Palma and Antonino Bianco

Comparative analysis of spreading depolarizations in brain slices exposed to osmotic or metabolic stress

Recurrent spreading depolarizations (SDs) occur in stroke and traumatic brain injury and are considered as a hallmark of injury progression. The complexity of conditions associated with SD in the living brain ...

Authors: Rita Frank, Ferenc Bari, Ákos Menyhárt and Eszter Farkas

Oxytocin ameliorates impaired social behavior in a Chd8 haploinsufficiency mouse model of autism

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by the core symptoms of impaired social interactions. Increasing evidence suggests that ASD has a strong genetic link with mutations in chromodomain helicase DNA...

Authors: Stanislav M. Cherepanov, Maria Gerasimenko, Teruko Yuhi, Kazumi Furuhara, Chiharu Tsuji, Shigeru Yokoyama, Keiichi I. Nakayama, Masaaki Nishiyama and Haruhiro Higashida

Lung-protective ventilation increases cerebral metabolism and non-inflammatory brain injury in porcine experimental sepsis

Protective ventilation with lower tidal volumes reduces systemic and organ-specific inflammation. In sepsis-induced encephalopathy or acute brain injury the use of protective ventilation has not been widely in...

Authors: Axel Nyberg, Erik Gremo, Jonas Blixt, Jesper Sperber, Anders Larsson, Miklós Lipcsey, Andreas Pikwer and Markus Castegren

A short-term musical training affects implicit emotion regulation only in behaviour but not in brain activity

In everyday life, negative emotions can be implicitly regulated by positive stimuli, without any conscious cognitive engagement; however, the effects of such implicit regulation on mood and related neuro-mecha...

Authors: M. Berthold-Losleben, S. Papalini, U. Habel, K. Losleben, F. Schneider, K. Amunts and N. Kohn

Concentrations of estradiol, progesterone and testosterone in serum and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage correlate weakly with transcranial Doppler flow velocities

The implication of the steroids estradiol, progesterone and testosterone in cerebral vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) has not been comprehensively assessed. In rodents, studies suggest...

Authors: Jan Martin, Eva Plank, Bernhard Ulm, Jens Gempt, Maria Wostrack, Bettina Jungwirth and Simone M. Kagerbauer

Early postnatal irradiation‐induced age‐dependent changes in adult mouse brain: MRI based characterization

Brain radiation exposure, in particular, radiotherapy, can induce cognitive impairment in patients, with significant effects persisting for the rest of their life. However, the main mechanisms leading to this ...

Authors: Bo Xu Ren, Isaac Huen, Zi Jun Wu, Hong Wang, Meng Yun Duan, Ilonka Guenther, K. N. Bhanu Prakash and Feng Ru Tang

Correction to: Protective effects of intracerebroventricular adiponectin against olfactory impairments in an amyloid β_1–42 rat model

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

Authors: Mara A. Guzmán-Ruiz, Amor Herrera-González, Adriana Jiménez, Alan Candelas-Juárez, Crystal Quiroga-Lozano, Claudia Castillo-Díaz, Erika Orta-Salazar, Diana Organista-Juárez, Sofía Díaz-Cintra and Rosalinda Guevara-Guzmán