Articles

LPS immune challenge reduces arcuate nucleus TSHR and CART mRNA and elevates plasma CART peptides

The aim was to examine the impact of lipopolysaccharide-induced systemic inflammation on expression of mRNA for cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) and the thyrotropin receptor (TSHR) and its ...

Authors: Jonathan R. Burgos, Britt-Marie Iresjö, Linda Olsson and Ulrika Smedh

Diazepam and ethanol differently modulate neuronal activity in organotypic cortical cultures

The pharmacodynamic results of diazepam and ethanol administration are similar, in that each can mediate amnestic and sedative-hypnotic effects. Although each of these molecules effectively reduce the activity...

Authors: Matthias Kreuzer, Paul S. García, Verena Brucklacher-Waldert, Rebecca Claassen, Gerhard Schneider, Bernd Antkowiak and Berthold Drexler

Localization of phosphotyrosine adaptor protein ShcD/SHC4 in the adult rat central nervous system

Mammalian Shc (Src homology and collagen) proteins comprise a family of four phosphotyrosine adaptor molecules which exhibit varied spatiotemporal expression and signaling functions. ShcD is the most recently ...

Authors: Hannah N. Robeson, Hayley R. Lau, Laura A. New, Jasmin Lalonde, John N. Armstrong and Nina Jones

28th Annual Computational Neuroscience Meeting: CNS*2019

Authors:

Sleep disturbances and gastrointestinal dysfunction are associated with thalamic atrophy in Parkinson’s disease

Non-motor symptoms are common aspects of Parkinson’s disease (PD) occurring even at the prodromal stage of the disease and greatly affecting the quality of life. Here, we investigated whether non-motor symptom...

Authors: Flavia Niccolini, Heather Wilson, Beniamino Giordano, Konstantinos Diamantopoulos, Gennaro Pagano, Kallol Ray Chaudhuri and Marios Politis

Altered activity in the nucleus raphe magnus underlies cortical hyperexcitability and facilitates trigeminal nociception in a rat model of medication overuse headache

The pathogenesis of medication overuse headache (MOH) involves hyperexcitability of cortical and trigeminal neurons. Derangement of the brainstem modulating system, especially raphe nuclei may contribute to th...

Authors: Prangtip Potewiratnanond, Supang Maneesri le Grand, Anan Srikiatkhachorn and Weera Supronsinchai

Weak correlations between serum and cerebrospinal fluid levels of estradiol, progesterone and testosterone in males

Neuroactive steroids seem to be implicated in a variety of neurophysiological and behavioral processes, such as sleep, learning, memory, stress, feeding and aging. Numerous studies have also addressed this imp...

Authors: Jan Martin, Eva Plank, Bettina Jungwirth, Alexander Hapfelmeier, Armin Podtschaske and Simone M. Kagerbauer

Synaptic plasticity in hippocampal CA1 neurons and learning behavior in acute kidney injury, and estradiol replacement in ovariectomized rats

Neurological complications may occur in patients with acute or chronic renal failure; however, in cases of acute renal failure, the signs and symptoms are usually more pronounced, and progressed rapidly. Oxida...

Authors: Fatemeh Sharifi, Parham Reisi and Maryam Malek

The role of PI3K-mediated AMPA receptor changes in post-conditioning of propofol in brain protection

We aimed to study the role of amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid receptor (AMPAR) glutamate receptor 2 (GluR2) subunit trafficking, and activity changes in short-term neuroprotection provided b...

Authors: Chenxu Wang, Ying Wei, Yuan Yuan, Yonghao Yu, Keliang Xie, Beibei Dong, Yuan Shi and Guolin Wang

Mouse corticospinal system comprises different functional neuronal ensembles depending on their hodology

Movement performance depends on the synaptic interactions generated by coherent parallel sensorimotor cortical outputs to different downstream targets. The major outputs of the neocortex to subcortical structu...

Authors: Rafael Olivares-Moreno, Mónica López-Hidalgo, Alain Altamirano-Espinoza, Adriana González-Gallardo, Anaid Antaramian, Verónica Lopez-Virgen and Gerardo Rojas-Piloni

Analgesic treatment limits surrogate parameters for early stress and pain response after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage

In animal research, authorities require a classification of anticipated pain levels and a perioperative analgesia protocol prior to approval of the experiments. However, data on this topic is rare and so is th...

Authors: Irina Staib-Lasarzik, Nadine Nagel, Anne Sebastiani, Eva-Verena Griemert and Serge C. Thal

Preferential activation of small cutaneous fibers through small pin electrode also depends on the shape of a long duration electrical current

Electrical stimulation is widely used in experimental pain research but it lacks selectivity towards small nociceptive fibers. When using standard surface patch electrodes and rectangular pulses, large fibers ...

Authors: Rosa Hugosdottir, Carsten Dahl Mørch, Ole Kæseler Andersen, Thordur Helgason and Lars Arendt-Nielsen

Altered excitability of small cutaneous nerve fibers during cooling assessed with the perception threshold tracking technique

There is a need for new approaches to increase the knowledge of the membrane excitability of small nerve fibers both in healthy subjects, as well as during pathological conditions. Our research group has previ...

Authors: Rosa Hugosdottir, Carsten Dahl Mørch, Cecilia Klitgaard Jørgensen, Camilla Winther Nielsen, Mathias Vassard Olsen, Mads Jozwiak Pedersen and Jenny Tigerholm

Spatio-temporal characterization of S- and M/L-cone degeneration in the Rd1 mouse model of retinitis pigmentosa

The Pde6brd1 (Rd1) mouse is widely used as a murine model for human retinitis pigmentosa. Understanding the spatio-temporal patterns of cone degeneration is important for evaluating potential treatments. In th...

Authors: Daniel S. Narayan, Jack Ao, John P. M. Wood, Robert J. Casson and Glyn Chidlow

TNF-α antagonist attenuates systemic lipopolysaccharide-induced brain white matter injury in neonatal rats

Systemic inflammation is an important risk factor for neurodevelopmental impairments in preterm infants. Premyelinating oligodendrocytes are main building blocks of white matter in preterm infants and vulnerab...

Authors: Seung Han Shin, Ee-Kyung Kim, Kyung-yup Lee and Han-Suk Kim

Behavior, protein, and dendritic changes after model traumatic brain injury and treatment with nanocoffee particles

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a widespread public health problem and a signature injury of our military in modern conflicts. Despite the long-term effects of even mild brain injuries, an effective treatment ...

Authors: Whitney A. Ratliff, Jessica N. Saykally, Ronald F. Mervis, Xiaoyang Lin, Chuanhai Cao and Bruce A. Citron

Brain arousal regulation and depressive symptomatology in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the stability of brain arousal in adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) outpatients with and without depressive symptomatology, and its association ...

Authors: Jue Huang, Christine Ulke and Maria Strauss

Comparative study of striatum GABA concentrations and magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging in Parkinson's disease monkeys

Parkinson's disease is a progressive degenerative nervous system disease. Recent studies have shown that secondary changes in the GABA system play directly affect the pathogenesis of PD. There is still much de...

Authors: Lixuan Huang, Yande Ren, Zisan Zeng, Hao Ren, Shaojun Li, Shengnan He, Fan He and Xiangrong Li

Isoliquiritigenin attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced cognitive impairment through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity

Oxidative stress and neuroinflammation are central pathogenic mechanisms common to many neurological diseases. Isoliquiritigenin (ISL) is a flavonoid in licorice with multiple pharmacological properties, inclu...

Authors: Xiaobo Zhu, Jiankun Liu, Shaojie Chen, Jiang Xue, Shanying Huang, Yibiao Wang and Ou Chen

A safety study of 500 μA cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation in rat

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a noninvasive neural control technology that has become a research hotspot. To facilitate further research of tDCS, the biosafety of 500 μA cathodal tDCS, a co...

Authors: Keying Zhang, Ling Guo, Junping Zhang, Guangzhou An, Yan Zhou, Jiajin Lin, Junling Xing, Mai Lu and Guirong Ding

Morphologic changes in the visual cortex of patients with anisometropic amblyopia: a surface-based morphometry study

Amblyopia is generally considered a neurodevelopmental disorder that results from abnormal visual experiences in early childhood and may persist to adulthood. The neural basis of amblyopia has been a matter of...

Authors: Minglong Liang, He Xiao, Bing Xie, Xuntao Yin, Jian Wang and Hong Yang

Exploration of time–frequency reassignment and homologous inter-hemispheric asymmetry analysis of MCI–AD brain activity

In this study, nonlinear based time–frequency (TF) and time domain investigations are employed for the analysis of electroencephalogram (EEG) signals of mild cognitive impairment–Alzheimer’s disease (MCI–AD) p...

Authors: T. Nimmy John, Puthankattil Subha Dharmapalan and N. Ramshekhar Menon

Cardiovascular risk and encoding-related hippocampal connectivity in older adults

Cardiovascular conditions contribute to brain volume loss, reduced cerebrovascular health, and increased dementia risk in aging adults. Altered hippocampal connectivity has also been observed in individuals wi...

Authors: Liesel-Ann C. Meusel, Carol E. Greenwood, Andrea Maione, Ekaterina Tchistiakova, Bradley J. MacIntosh and Nicole D. Anderson

Post-surgical inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase attenuates the plantar incision-induced postoperative pain behavior via spinal Akt activation in male mice

Postoperative pain (POP) is a severe acute pain encountered in patients suffering from an operation, and is less than adequately controlled by the currently available analgesics. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase ...

Authors: Bing Xu, Cheng Mo, Chengmei Lv, Susu Liu, Jun Li, Jieying Chen, Yanhong Wei, Hongwei An, Li Ma and Xuehai Guan

Short-term dynamics of input and output of CA1 network greatly differ between the dorsal and ventral rat hippocampus

The functional heterogeneity of the hippocampus along its longitudinal axis at the level of behavior is an established concept; however, the neurobiological mechanisms are still unknown. Diversifications in th...

Authors: Andriana Koutsoumpa and Costas Papatheodoropoulos

Impact of inflammation on brain subcellular energetics in anesthetized rats

Emerging data suggests that volatile anesthetic agents may have organ protection properties in the setting of critical illness. The purpose of this study was to better understand the effect of inflammation on ...

Authors: Robert H. Thiele, Hari P. Osuru, Umadevi Paila, Keita Ikeda and Zhiyi Zuo

Chronic exposure to high fat diet triggers myelin disruption and interleukin-33 upregulation in hypothalamus

Hypothalamic inflammation including astrogliosis and microglia activation occurs after intake of high fat diet (HFD) in rodent models or in obese individuals. However, the effect of chronic HFD feeding on olig...

Authors: Hui-Ting Huang, Sheng-Feng Tsai, Hung-Tsung Wu, Hsin-Ying Huang, Han-Hsueh Hsieh, Yu-Ming Kuo, Po-See Chen, Chung-Shi Yang and Shun-Fen Tzeng

An enhanced staining method K-B-2R staining for three-dimensional nerve reconstruction

Three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of human peripheral nerves, as a useful tool to understand the nerve internal information and functional basis, has become an important area of research in the peripheral ...

Authors: Peng Luo, Jianghui Dong, Jian Qi, Yi Zhang, Xiaolin Liu, Yingchun Zhong, Cory J. Xian and Liping Wang

Gastrodin protects dopaminergic neurons via insulin-like pathway in a Parkinson’s disease model

Recently, the use of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has become more generally accepted, including by the Food and Drug Administration. To expand the use of TCM worldwide, it is important to study the molec...

Authors: Jinyuan Yan, Zhongshan Yang, Ninghui Zhao, Zhiwei Li and Xia Cao

Abnormal resting-state cerebral-limbic functional connectivity in bipolar depression and unipolar depression

Distinctive patterns of functional connectivity (FC) abnormalities in neural circuitry has been reported in patients with bipolar depression (BD) and unipolar depression (UD). However, it is unclear that wheth...

Authors: Chang Liu, Weidan Pu, Guowei Wu, Jie Zhao and Zhimin Xue

Evaluation of IL-1β levels in epilepsy and traumatic brain injury in dogs

Epilepsy is a common neurological disease in dogs affecting approximately 0.6–0.75% of the canine population. There is much evidence of neuroinflammation presence in epilepsy, creating new possibilities for th...

Authors: Draginja Kostic, Regina Carlson, Diana Henke, Karl Rohn and Andrea Tipold

The involvement of spinal annexin A10/NF-κB/MMP-9 pathway in the development of neuropathic pain in rats

Neuropathic pain (NP) is a prevalent disease, which badly impairs the life quality of patients. The underlying mechanism of NP is still not fully understood. It has been reported that spinal Annexin A10 (ANXA1...

Authors: LiHong Sun, Qi Xu, WenXin Zhang, CuiCui Jiao, Hui Wu and XinZhong Chen

Live calcium imaging of Aedes aegypti neuronal tissues reveals differential importance of chemosensory systems for life-history-specific foraging strategies

The mosquito Aedes aegypti has a wide variety of sensory pathways that have supported its success as a species as well as a highly competent vector of numerous debilitating infectious pathogens. Investigations in...

Authors: Michelle Bui, Jennifer Shyong, Eleanor K. Lutz, Ting Yang, Ming Li, Kenneth Truong, Ryan Arvidson, Anna Buchman, Jeffrey A. Riffell and Omar S. Akbari

Neuro-genetic plasticity of Caenorhabditis elegans behavioral thermal tolerance

Animal responses to thermal stimuli involve intricate contributions of genetics, neurobiology and physiology, with temperature variation providing a pervasive environmental factor for natural selection. Therma...

Authors: Gregory W. Stegeman, Denise Medina, Asher D. Cutter and William S. Ryu

Iron concentrations in neurons and glial cells with estimates on ferritin concentrations

Brain iron is an essential as well as a toxic redox active element. Physiological levels are not uniform among the different cell types. Besides the availability of quantitative methods, the knowledge about th...

Authors: Anja Reinert, Markus Morawski, Johannes Seeger, Thomas Arendt and Tilo Reinert

Effects of MUL1 and PARKIN on the circadian clock, brain and behaviour in Drosophila Parkinson’s disease models

Mutants which carry mutations in genes encoding mitochondrial ligases MUL1 and PARKIN are convenient Drosophila models of Parkinson’s disease (PD). In several studies it has been shown that in Parkinson’s disease...

Authors: Bartosz Doktór, Milena Damulewicz and Elżbieta Pyza

Iron deposition in Parkinson’s disease by quantitative susceptibility mapping

Patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) have elevated levels of brain iron, especially in the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the iron deposition in the substantia n...

Authors: Qiqi Chen, Yiting Chen, Yue Zhang, Furu Wang, Hongchang Yu, Caiyuan Zhang, Zhen Jiang and Weifeng Luo

In vitro characterization of odorranalectin for peptide-based drug delivery across the blood–brain barrier

The use of siRNA-based gene silencing has been recently underscored as a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of neurological disorders. However, the stability of siRNA and other small molecule the...

Authors: Ravi K. Sajja, Predrag Cudic and Luca Cucullo

Notch signalling defines dorsal root ganglia neuroglial fate choice during early neural crest cell migration

The dorsal root ganglia (DRG) are a critical component of the peripheral nervous system, and function to relay somatosensory information from the body’s periphery to sensory perception centres within the brain...

Authors: Sophie Wiszniak and Quenten Schwarz

Electric stimulation of the medial forebrain bundle influences sensorimotor gaiting in humans

Prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the acoustic startle response, a measurement of sensorimotor gaiting, is modulated by monoaminergic, presumably dopaminergic neurotransmission. Disturbances of the dopaminergic sys...

Authors: Patricia Panther, Maria Kuehne, Jürgen Voges, Sven Nullmeier, Jörn Kaufmann, Janet Hausmann, Daniel Bittner, Imke Galazky, Hans-Jochen Heinze, Andreas Kupsch and Tino Zaehle

Effect of photobiomodulation therapy on neuronal injuries by ouabain: the regulation of Na, K-ATPase; Src; and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway

To determine whether photobiomodulation (PBM) rescued the disruption of Na⁺/Ca²⁺ homeostasis and mitochondrial membrane potential by ouabain; the Na, K-ATPase inhibitor. For PBM in this study, a 660 nm LED array ...

Authors: Yun-Hee Rhee, Jeong Hwan Moon, Jae Yun Jung, Connie Oh, Jin-Chul Ahn and Phil-Sang Chung

Subclinical lipopolysaccharide from Salmonella Enteritidis induces neuropeptide dysregulation in the spinal cord and the dorsal root ganglia

Despite increasing evidence that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) affects the biological active substances of dorsal root ganglia (DRG) we have limited knowledge of the influence of a single low dose of LPS, which doe...

Authors: Anita Mikołajczyk and Dagmara Złotkowska

Involvement of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in chronic intermittent stress-induced enhanced mechanical allodynia in a rat model of burn pain

Reports show that stressful events before injury exacerbates post-injury pain. The mechanism underlying stress-induced heightened thermal pain is unclear. Here, we examined the effects of chronic intermittent ...

Authors: Natasha M. Sosanya, Thomas H. Garza, Winfred Stacey, Stephen L. Crimmins, Robert J. Christy and Bopaiah P. Cheppudira

Affective and cognitive behavior is not altered by chronic constriction injury in B7-H1 deficient and wildtype mice

Chronic neuropathic pain is often associated with anxiety, depressive symptoms, and cognitive impairment with relevant impact on patients` health related quality of life. To investigate the influence of a pro-...

Authors: Franziska Karl, Maria B. Nandini Colaço, Annemarie Schulte, Claudia Sommer and Nurcan Üçeyler

Assessing the protective effect of rosiglitazone against electronic cigarette/tobacco smoke-induced blood–brain barrier impairment

Smoking (TS) and recently e-cigarettes (EC) vaping, have been associated with vascular endothelial dysfunction primarily relevant to oxidative stress, exposure to nicotine, and smoking-induced inflammation. It...

Authors: Farzane Sivandzade and Luca Cucullo

Additive effect of 5-HT2C and CB1 receptor blockade on the regulation of sleep–wake cycle

Previous data show that serotonin 2C (5-HT_2C) and cannabinoid 1 (CB₁) receptors have a role in the modulation of sleep–wake cycle. Namely, antagonists on these receptors promoted wakefulness and inhibited rapid e...

Authors: Emese Bogáthy, Noémi Papp, Laszló Tóthfalusi, Szilvia Vas and György Bagdy

Amyloid-β plaque formation and reactive gliosis are required for induction of cognitive deficits in App knock-in mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease

Knock-in (KI) mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) that endogenously overproduce Aβ without non-physiological overexpression of amyloid precursor protein (APP) provide important insights into the pathogeni...

Authors: Yasufumi Sakakibara, Michiko Sekiya, Takashi Saito, Takaomi C. Saido and Koichi M. Iijima

Non-invasive measurement of hemodynamic change during 8 MHz transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation using near-infrared spectroscopy

Transcranial focused ultrasound (tFUS) attracts wide attention in neuroscience as an effective noninvasive approach to modulate brain circuits. In spite of this, the effects of tFUS on the brain is still uncle...

Authors: Evgenii Kim, Eloise Anguluan, Sangyeon Youn, Jihun Kim, Jae Youn Hwang and Jae Gwan Kim

Pretreatment with a CRF antagonist amplifies feeding inhibition induced by fourth ventricular cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript peptide

Pre-treatment with the corticotropin-releasing factor antagonist α-helical CRF9-41 prevents inhibition of gastric emptying by cocaine-and amphetamine-regulated transcript peptide at a dorsal hindbrain level, b...

Authors: Ulrika Smedh, Karen A. Scott and Timothy H. Moran

Effect of lesion proximity on the regenerative response of long descending propriospinal neurons after spinal transection injury

The spinal cord is limited in its capacity to repair after damage caused by injury or disease. However, propriospinal (PS) neurons in the spinal cord have demonstrated a propensity for axonal regeneration afte...

Authors: Kristen Swieck, Amanda Conta-Steencken, Frank A. Middleton, Justin R. Siebert, Donna J. Osterhout and Dennis J. Stelzner