Articles

Late administration of high-frequency electrical stimulation increases nerve regeneration without aggravating neuropathic pain in a nerve crush injury

High-frequency transcutaneous neuromuscular electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is currently used for the administration of electrical current in denervated muscle to alleviate muscle atrophy and enhance moto...

Authors: Hong-Lin Su, Chien-Yi Chiang, Zong-Han Lu, Fu-Chou Cheng, Chun-Jung Chen, Meei-Ling Sheu, Jason Sheehan and Hung-Chuan Pan

Higher levels of thyroxine may predict a favorable response to donepezil treatment in patients with Alzheimer disease: a prospective, case–control study

Cholinergic hypothesis has been advanced as an etiology of Alzheimer disease (AD) on the basis of the presynaptic deficit found in the diseased brains, and cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs) are the treatment o...

Authors: Yu San Chang, Yu Hsuan Wu, Chin Jen Wang, Shu Hui Tang and Hsiang Lan Chen

Neural correlates of free recall of “famous events” in a “hypermnestic” individual as compared to an age- and education-matched reference group

Memory performance of an individual (within the age range: 50–55 years old) showing superior memory abilities (protagonist PR) was compared to an age- and education-matched reference group in a historical fact...

Authors: Thorsten Fehr, Angelica Staniloiu, Hans J. Markowitsch, Peter Erhard and Manfred Herrmann

Modulation of long-term potentiation-like cortical plasticity in the healthy brain with low frequency-pulsed electromagnetic fields

Non-depolarizing magnetic fields, like low frequency-pulsed electromagnetic fields (LF-PEMFs) have shown the ability to modulate living structures, principally by influencing synaptic activity and ion channels...

Authors: Enrico Premi, Alberto Benussi, Antonio La Gatta, Stefano Visconti, Angelo Costa, Nicola Gilberti, Valentina Cantoni, Alessandro Padovani, Barbara Borroni and Mauro Magoni

Altered functional connectivity of the default mode network by glucose loading in young, healthy participants

The functional connectivity of the default mode network (DMN) decreases in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) as well as in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Altered functional connectivity of...

Authors: Kenji Ishibashi, Keita Sakurai, Keigo Shimoji, Aya M. Tokumaru and Kenji Ishii

Limited effects of dysfunctional macroautophagy on the accumulation of extracellularly derived α-synuclein in oligodendroglia: implications for MSA pathogenesis

The progressive neurodegenerative disorder multiple system atrophy (MSA) is characterized by α-synuclein-positive (oligodendro-) glial cytoplasmic inclusions (GCIs). A connection between the abnormal accumulat...

Authors: Lisa Fellner, Edith Buchinger, Dominik Brueck, Regina Irschick, Gregor K. Wenning and Nadia Stefanova

Extremely low frequency electromagnetic field exposure and restraint stress induce changes on the brain lipid profile of Wistar rats

Exposure to electromagnetic fields can affect human health, damaging tissues and cell homeostasis. Stress modulates neuronal responses and composition of brain lipids. The aim of this study was to evaluate the...

Authors: Jesús Martínez-Sámano, Alan Flores-Poblano, Leticia Verdugo-Díaz, Marco Antonio Juárez-Oropeza and Patricia V. Torres-Durán

A method for estimating relative changes in the synaptic density in Drosophila central nervous system

Synapse density is an essential indicator of development and functioning of the central nervous system. It is estimated indirectly through the accumulation of pre and postsynaptic proteins in tissue sections. ...

Authors: Dipti Rai, Swagata Dey and Krishanu Ray

Zinc and linoleic acid pre-treatment attenuates biochemical and histological changes in the midbrain of rats with rotenone-induced Parkinsonism

Studies have suggested the supplementation of Zinc and Linoleic acid in the management of neurodegenerative disorders but none has investigated the combined effects. Little is known about the neuroprotective e...

Authors: Ngala Elvis Mbiydzenyuy, Herbert Izo Ninsiima, Miriela Betancourt Valladares and Constant Anatole Pieme

Cochlear morphology in the developing inner ear of the porcine model of spontaneous deafness

Auditory function and cochlear morphology have previously been described in a porcine model with spontaneous WS2-like phenotype. In the present study, cochlear histopathology was further investigated in the in...

Authors: Wei Chen, Qing-Qing Hao, Li–Li Ren, Wei Ren, Hui-sang Lin, Wei-Wei Guo and Shi-Ming Yang

Mice lacking galectin-3 (Lgals3) function have decreased home cage movement

Galectins are a large family of proteins evolved to recognize specific carbohydrate moieties. Given the importance of pattern recognition processes for multiple biological tasks, including CNS development and ...

Authors: Tammy R. Chaudoin and Stephen J. Bonasera

Clinical features and risk factors of neurological involvement in Sjögren’s syndrome

To investigated distinct manifestations of Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) patients with neurological complications and the potential risk factors associated with neurological complications in SS, and to produce a dis...

Authors: Wenjing Ye, Siyan Chen, Xinshi Huang, Wei Qin, Ting Zhang, Xiaofang Zhu, Xiaochun Zhu, Chongxiang Lin and Xiaobing Wang

The spatio-temporal dynamics of deviance and target detection in the passive and active auditory oddball paradigm: a sLORETA study

Numerous studies have investigated the neural underpinnings of passive and active deviance and target detection in the well-known auditory oddball paradigm by means of event-related potentials (ERPs) or functiona...

Authors: Christoph Justen and Cornelia Herbert

Effect of laser Doppler flowmetry and occlusion time on outcome variability and mortality in rat middle cerebral artery occlusion: inconclusive results

Stroke is among the leading causes of death and disability. Although intense research efforts have provided promising treatment options in animals, most clinical trials in humans have failed and the therapeuti...

Authors: Edvin Ingberg, Hua Dock, Elvar Theodorsson, Annette Theodorsson and Jakob O. Ström

Novel functional variants at the GWAS-implicated loci might confer risk to major depressive disorder, bipolar affective disorder and schizophrenia

A challenge of understanding the mechanisms underlying cognition including neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders is mainly given by the potential severity of cognitive disorders for the quality of ...

Authors: Leonid O. Bryzgalov, Elena E. Korbolina, Ilja I. Brusentsov, Elena Y. Leberfarb, Natalia P. Bondar and Tatiana I. Merkulova

Haplotype analysis of APOE intragenic SNPs

APOE ε4 allele is most common genetic risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and cognitive decline. However, it remains poorly understood why only some carriers of APOE ε4 develop AD and how ethnic variabilitie...

Authors: Vladimir N. Babenko, Dmitry A. Afonnikov, Elena V. Ignatieva, Anton V. Klimov, Fedor E. Gusev and Evgeny I. Rogaev

Neuroscience researches at Belyaev conference-2017

Authors: Yuriy L. Orlov, Leonid L. Moroz and Ancha V. Baranova

Modulation of the expression of genes related to the system of amyloid-beta metabolism in the brain as a novel mechanism of ceftriaxone neuroprotective properties

The dominant hypothesis about the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the “amyloid cascade” concept and modulating the expression of proteins involved in the metabolism of amyloid-beta (Aβ) is propose...

Authors: Maria A. Tikhonova, Tamara G. Amstislavskaya, Victor M. Belichenko, Larisa A. Fedoseeva, Sergey P. Kovalenko, Ekaterina E. Pisareva, Alla S. Avdeeva, Nataliya G. Kolosova, Nikolai D. Belyaev and Lyubomir I. Aftanas

Optogenetic regulation of transcription

Optogenetics has become widely recognized for its success in real-time control of brain neurons by utilizing non-mammalian photosensitive proteins to open or close membrane channels. Here we review a less well...

Authors: Oksana Polesskaya, Ancha Baranova, Sarah Bui, Nikolai Kondratev, Evgeniya Kananykhina, Olga Nazarenko, Tatyana Shapiro, Frances Barg Nardia, Vladimir Kornienko, Vikas Chandhoke, Istvan Stadler, Raymond Lanzafame and Max Myakishev-Rempel

Association between serum levels of caspase-cleaved cytokeratin-18 and early mortality in patients with severe spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage

Apoptotic changes after cerebral hemorrhage in brain samples of humans have been found. Caspase-cleaved cytokeratin (CCCK)-18 could be detected in the bloodstream during apoptosis. Higher circulating CCCK-18 l...

Authors: Leonardo Lorente, María M. Martín, Antonia Pérez-Cejas, Luis Ramos, Mónica Argueso, Jordi Solé-Violán, Juan J. Cáceres, Alejandro Jiménez and Victor García-Marín

NCX-DB: a unified resource for integrative analysis of the sodium calcium exchanger super-family

Na⁺/Ca²⁺ exchangers are low-affinity high-capacity transporters that mediate Ca²⁺ extrusion by coupling Ca²⁺ efflux to the influx of Na⁺ ions. The Na⁺/Ca²⁺ exchangers form a super-family comprised of three branch...

Authors: Katrin Bode and Damien M. O’Halloran

Magnetic resonance imaging for assessment of cerebrovascular reactivity and its relationship to cognition: a systematic review

Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) refers to the responsiveness of cerebral vasculature to vasoactive stimuli. CVR is an indicator of brain health and can be assessed using vasodilatory techniques and magnetic r...

Authors: Sarah J. Catchlove, Andrew Pipingas, Matthew E. Hughes and Helen Macpherson

Delayed and repeated intranasal delivery of bone marrow stromal cells increases regeneration and functional recovery after ischemic stroke in mice

Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide, yet there are limited treatments available. Intranasal administration is a novel non-invasive strategy to deliver cell therapy into the brain. Cell...

Authors: Monica J. Chau, Todd C. Deveau, Xiaohuan Gu, Yo Sup Kim, Yun Xu, Shan Ping Yu and Ling Wei

Impact of brain arousal and time-on-task on autonomic nervous system activity in the wake-sleep transition

Autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity has been shown to vary with the state of brain arousal. In a previous study, this association of ANS activity with distinct states of brain arousal was demonstrated usin...

Authors: Jue Huang, Christine Ulke, Christian Sander, Philippe Jawinski, Janek Spada, Ulrich Hegerl and Tilman Hensch

27-Hydroxycholesterol increases α-synuclein protein levels through proteasomal inhibition in human dopaminergic neurons

Accumulation of the α-synuclein (α-syn) protein is a hallmark of a group of brain disorders collectively known as synucleinopathies. The mechanisms responsible for α-syn accumulation are not well understood. S...

Authors: Jared Schommer, Gurdeep Marwarha, Trevor Schommer, Travis Flick, Jonah Lund and Othman Ghribi

Chronic oxycodone induces axonal degeneration in rat brain

Chronic opioid therapy for non-malignant pain conditions has significantly increased over the last 15 years. Recently, the correlation between opioid analgesics and alternations in brain structure, such as leu...

Authors: Ruping Fan, Lisa M. Schrott, Thomas Arnold, Stephen Snelling, Meghana Rao, Derrel Graham, Angela Cornelius and Nadejda L. Korneeva

Dissecting the pathobiology of altered MRI signal in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A post mortem whole brain sampling strategy for the integration of ultra-high-field MRI and quantitative neuropathology

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a clinically and histopathologically heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorder, in which therapy is hindered by the rapid progression of disease and lack of biomarkers. Ma...

Authors: Menuka Pallebage-Gamarallage, Sean Foxley, Ricarda A. L. Menke, Istvan N. Huszar, Mark Jenkinson, Benjamin C. Tendler, Chaoyue Wang, Saad Jbabdi, Martin R. Turner, Karla L. Miller and Olaf Ansorge

Normal sleep bouts are not essential for C. elegans survival and FoxO is important for compensatory changes in sleep

Sleep deprivation impairs learning, causes stress, and can lead to death. Notch and JNK-1 pathways impact C. elegans sleep in complex ways; these have been hypothesized to involve compensatory sleep. C. elegans D...

Authors: Heather L. Bennett, Yulia Khoruzhik, Dustin Hayden, Huiyan Huang, Jarred Sanders, Melissa B. Walsh, David Biron and Anne C. Hart

Neuroprotective dobutamine treatment upregulates superoxide dismutase 3, anti-oxidant and survival genes and attenuates genes mediating inflammation

Labor subjects the fetus to an hypoxic episode and concomitant adrenomodullary catecholamine surge that may provide protection against the hypoxic insult. The beta1-adrenergic agonist dobutamine protects again...

Authors: Tina Markus, David Ley, Stefan R. Hansson, Tadeusz Wieloch and Karsten Ruscher

AxonTracer: a novel ImageJ plugin for automated quantification of axon regeneration in spinal cord tissue

Quantification of axon regeneration in spinal cord tissue sections is a fundamental step to adequately determine if an applied treatment leads to an anatomical benefit following spinal cord injury. Recent adva...

Authors: Akash Patel, Zhongzhi Li, Philip Canete, Hans Strobl, Jennifer Dulin, Ken Kadoya, Dan Gibbs and Gunnar H. D. Poplawski

Metabolomics analysis of serum in a rat heroin self-administration model undergoing reinforcement based on ¹H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectra

Understanding the process of relapse to abused drugs and ultimately developing treatments that can reduce the incidence of relapse remains the primary goal for the study of substance dependence. Therefore, exp...

Authors: Tingting Ning, Changlong Leng, Lin Chen, Baomiao Ma and Xiaokang Gong

Solid lipid curcumin particles provide greater anti-amyloid, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects than curcumin in the 5xFAD mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease

Neuroinflammation and the presence of amyloid beta protein (Aβ) and neurofibrillary tangles are key pathologies in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). As a potent anti-amyloid and anti-inflammatory natural polyphenol, c...

Authors: Panchanan Maiti, Leela Paladugu and Gary L. Dunbar

Modelling physiological and pathological conditions to study pericyte biology in brain function and dysfunction

Brain pericytes ensheathe the endothelium and contribute to formation and maintenance of the blood–brain-barrier. Additionally, pericytes are involved in several aspects of the CNS immune response including sc...

Authors: Justin Rustenhoven, Leon C. Smyth, Deidre Jansson, Patrick Schweder, Miranda Aalderink, Emma L. Scotter, Edward W. Mee, Richard L. M. Faull, Thomas I.-H. Park and Mike Dragunow

Characterisation of Zika virus infection in primary human astrocytes

The recent Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreak has linked ZIKV with microcephaly and other central nervous system pathologies in humans. Astrocytes are among the first cells to respond to ZIKV infection in the brain an...

Authors: Michal Stefanik, Petra Formanova, Tomas Bily, Marie Vancova, Ludek Eyer, Martin Palus, Jiri Salat, Carla Torres Braconi, Paolo M. de A. Zanotto, Ernest A. Gould and Daniel Ruzek

Evaluation of reference genes for gene expression studies in mouse and N2a cell ischemic stroke models using quantitative real-time PCR

Real-time reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) is a critical tool for evaluating the levels of mRNA transcribed from genes. Reliable RT-qPCR results largely depend on normaliz...

Authors: Yingbo Kang, Zhuomin Wu, De Cai and Binger Lu

Intraventricular infusion of clusterin ameliorated cognition and pathology in Tg6799 model of Alzheimer’s disease

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by the deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ) in brain parenchyma and cerebral blood vessels as cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). Clusterin, a chaperon protein associated with ...

Authors: Xue-Mei Qi, Cheng Wang, Xing-Kun Chu, Gen Li and Jian-Fang Ma

Emerging roles for microRNA in the regulation of Drosophila circadian clock

The circadian clock, which operates within an approximately 24-h period, is closely linked to the survival and fitness of almost all living organisms. The circadian clock is generated through a negative transc...

Authors: Yongbo Xue and Yong Zhang

N,N-disubstituted azines attenuate LPS-mediated neuroinflammation in microglia and neuronal apoptosis via inhibiting MAPK signaling pathways

Activated microglia interact with astrocytes and neuronal cells to induce neuroinflammation, which can contribute to the pathogenesis and progression of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease. To identify the mos...

Authors: Lalita Subedi, Oh Wook Kwon, Chaeho Pak, Goeun Lee, Kangwoo Lee, Hakwon Kim and Sun Yeou Kim

The effects of vitamin D administration on brain inflammatory markers in high fat diet induced obese rats

Obesity induced brain inflammation is associated with cognitive disorders. We aimed to investigate the influence of vitamin D on hypothalamus and hippocampus inflammatory response in high-fat diet induced obes...

Authors: Mahdieh Abbasalizad Farhangi, Mehran Mesgari-Abbasi, Ghazaleh Nameni, Ghazaleh Hajiluian and Parviz Shahabi

Stereoscopic processing of crossed and uncrossed disparities in the human visual cortex

Binocular disparity provides a powerful cue for depth perception in a stereoscopic environment. Despite increasing knowledge of the cortical areas that process disparity from neuroimaging studies, the neural m...

Authors: Yuan Li, Chuncheng Zhang, Chunping Hou, Li Yao, Jiacai Zhang and Zhiying Long

A gradient of frequency-dependent synaptic properties along the longitudinal hippocampal axis

The hippocampus is a functionally heterogeneous brain structure and specializations of the intrinsic neuronal network may crucially support the functional segregation along the longitudinal axis of the hippoca...

Authors: Vassilios Papaleonidopoulos, George Trompoukis, Andriana Koutsoumpa and Costas Papatheodoropoulos

Downstream mediators of Ten-m3 signalling in the developing visual pathway

The formation of visuotopically-aligned projections in the brain is required for the generation of functional binocular circuits. The mechanisms which underlie this process are unknown. Ten-m3 is expressed in...

Authors: Kelly A. Glendining, Sam C. Liu, Marvin Nguyen, Nuwan Dharmaratne, Rajini Nagarajah, Miguel A. Iglesias, Atomu Sawatari and Catherine A. Leamey

Altered phosphorylation, electrophysiology, and behavior on attenuation of PDE4B action in hippocampus

PDE4 cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases regulate 3′, 5′ cAMP abundance in the CNS and thereby regulate PKA activity and phosphorylation of CREB, which has been implicated in learning and memory, depression a...

Authors: Susan L. Campbell, Thomas van Groen, Inga Kadish, Lisa High Mitchell Smoot and Graeme B. Bolger

In silico repurposing of antipsychotic drugs for Alzheimer’s disease

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most prevalent form of dementia and represents one of the highest unmet requirements in medicine today. There is shortage of novel molecules entering into market because of poor...

Authors: Shivani Kumar, Suman Chowdhury and Suresh Kumar

Activity-dependent formation of a vesicular inhibitory amino acid transporter gradient in the superior olivary complex of NMRI mice

In the mammalian superior olivary complex (SOC), synaptic inhibition contributes to the processing of binaural sound cues important for sound localization. Previous analyses demonstrated a tonotopic gradient f...

Authors: Lena Ebbers, Maren Weber and Hans Gerd Nothwang

Shift in the function of netrin-1 from axon outgrowth to axon branching in developing cerebral cortical neurons

Netrin-1, a multifunctional axon guidance cue, elicits axon outgrowth via one of its receptors deleted in colorectal cancer (DCC) in several types of neurons, including cerebral cortical neurons of embryonic m...

Authors: Hideko Matsumoto and Masabumi Nagashima

From provocation to aggression: the neural network

In-vivo observations of neural processes during human aggressive behavior are difficult to obtain, limiting the number of studies in this area. To address this gap, the present study implemented a social react...

Authors: Jonathan Repple, Christina M. Pawliczek, Bianca Voss, Steven Siegel, Frank Schneider, Nils Kohn and Ute Habel

PeakCaller: an automated graphical interface for the quantification of intracellular calcium obtained by high-content screening

Intracellular calcium is an important ion involved in the regulation and modulation of many neuronal functions. From regulating cell cycle and proliferation to initiating signaling cascades and regulating pres...

Authors: Elena Artimovich, Russell K. Jackson, Michaela B. C. Kilander, Yu-Chih Lin and Michael W. Nestor

A convenient UHPLC-MS/MS method for routine monitoring of plasma and brain levels of nicotine and cotinine as a tool to validate newly developed preclinical smoking model in mouse

A sensitive, rapid and selective UHPLC–MS/MS method has been developed and validated for the quantification of Nicotine (NT) and Cotinine (CN) using Continine-d ₃ as internal standard (...

Authors: Mohammad A. Kaisar, Raja Reddy Kallem, Ravi K. Sajja, Ali Ehsan Sifat and Luca Cucullo

Unhealthy smokers: scopes for prophylactic intervention and clinical treatment

Globally, tobacco use causes approximately 6 million deaths per year, and predictions report that with current trends; more than 8 million deaths are expected annually by 2030. Cigarette smokings is currently ...

Authors: Shikha Prasad, Mohammad Abul Kaisar and Luca Cucullo