Why to cooperate is better than to compete: brain and personality components

Cooperation and competition were compared in the present study. Brain correlates (electroencephalography, EEG frequency band, delta, theta, alpha, and beta) and hemodynamic measure of functional near-infrared...

Authors: Michela Balconi, Davide Crivelli and Maria Elide Vanutelli

Cerebral microvascular dysfunction in metabolic syndrome is exacerbated by ischemia–reperfusion injury

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with an increased risk of cerebrovascular diseases, including cerebral ischemia. Microvascular dysfunction is an important feature underlying the pathophysiology of cere...

Authors: Nathalie Obadia, Marcos Adriano Lessa, Anissa Daliry, Raquel Rangel Silvares, Fabiana Gomes, Eduardo Tibiriçá and Vanessa Estato

The loss-of-function disease-mutation G301R in the Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase α₂ isoform decreases lesion volume and improves functional outcome after acute spinal cord injury in mice

The Na⁺/K⁺-ATPases are transmembrane ion pumps important for maintenance of ion gradients across the plasma membrane that serve to support multiple cellular functions, such as membrane potentials, regulation of c...

Authors: Ditte Gry Ellman, Toke Jost Isaksen, Minna Christiansen Lund, Safinaz Dursun, Martin Wirenfeldt, Louise Helskov Jørgensen, Karin Lykke-Hartmann and Kate Lykke Lambertsen

Day2day: investigating daily variability of magnetic resonance imaging measures over half a year

Most studies of brain structure and function, and their relationships to cognitive ability, have relied on inter-individual variability in magnetic resonance (MR) images. Intra-individual variability is often ign...

Authors: Elisa Filevich, Nina Lisofsky, Maxi Becker, Oisin Butler, Martyna Lochstet, Johan Martensson, Elisabeth Wenger, Ulman Lindenberger and Simone Kühn

26th Annual Computational Neuroscience Meeting (CNS*2017): Part 2

Authors: Leonid L. Rubchinsky, Sungwoo Ahn, Wouter Klijn, Ben Cumming, Stuart Yates, Vasileios Karakasis, Alexander Peyser, Marmaduke Woodman, Sandra Diaz-Pier, James Deraeve, Eliana Vassena, William Alexander, David Beeman, Pawel Kudela, Dana Boatman-Reich, William S. Anderson…

26th Annual Computational Neuroscience Meeting (CNS*2017): Part 1

Authors: Sue Denham, Panayiota Poirazi, Erik De Schutter, Karl Friston, Ho Ka Chan, Thomas Nowotny, Dongqi Han, Sungho Hong, Sophie Rosay, Tanja Wernle, Alessandro Treves, Sarah Goethals, Romain Brette, Tomas Van Pottelbergh, Rodolphe Sepulchre, Alex D. Bird…

26th Annual Computational Neuroscience Meeting (CNS*2017): Part 3

Authors: Adam J. H. Newton, Alexandra H. Seidenstein, Robert A. McDougal, Alberto Pérez-Cervera, Gemma Huguet, Tere M-Seara, Caroline Haimerl, David Angulo-Garcia, Alessandro Torcini, Rosa Cossart, Arnaud Malvache, Kaoutar Skiker, Mounir Maouene, Gianmarco Ragognetti, Letizia Lorusso, Andrea Viggiano…

Musashi-1 is the candidate of the regulator of hair cell progenitors during inner ear regeneration

Hair cell loss in the cochlea is caused by ototoxic drugs, aging, and environmental stresses and could potentially lead to devastating pathophysiological effects. In adult mammals, hair cell loss is irreversib...

Authors: Takahiro Wakasaki, Hiroaki Niiro, Siamak Jabbarzadeh-Tabrizi, Mitsuru Ohashi, Takashi Kimitsuki, Takashi Nakagawa, Shizuo Komune and Koichi Akashi

Specific ion channels contribute to key elements of pathology during secondary degeneration following neurotrauma

Following partial injury to the central nervous system, cells beyond the initial injury site undergo secondary degeneration, exacerbating loss of neurons, compact myelin and function. Changes in Ca²⁺ flux are ass...

Authors: Ryan L. O’Hare Doig, Wissam Chiha, Marcus K. Giacci, Nathanael J. Yates, Carole A. Bartlett, Nicole M. Smith, Stuart I. Hodgetts, Alan R. Harvey and Melinda Fitzgerald

Myelination is delayed during postnatal brain development in the mdx mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy

In Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), the loss of the dystrophin component of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex (DGC) compromises plasma membrane integrity in skeletal muscle, resulting in extensive muscle d...

Authors: Azeez Aranmolate, Nathaniel Tse and Holly Colognato

A CLCA regulatory protein present in the chemosensory cilia of olfactory sensory neurons induces a Ca²⁺-activated Cl⁻ current when transfected into HEK293

CLCA is a family of metalloproteases that regulate Ca²⁺-activated Cl⁻ fluxes in epithelial tissues. In HEK293 cells, CLCA1 promotes membrane expression of an endogenous Anoctamin 1 (ANO1, also termed TMEM16A)-dep...

Authors: Casilda V. Mura, Ricardo Delgado, María Graciela Delgado, Diego Restrepo and Juan Bacigalupo

Sesamin protects SH-SY5Y cells against mechanical stretch injury and promoting cell survival

Sesamin is a well-known antioxidant extracted from sesame seeds that exhibits various curative effects. The present study investigated whether sesamin would protect neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells against mechanic...

Authors: Zhiming Xu, Yingliang Liu, Dianxu Yang, Fang Yuan, Jun Ding, Hao Chen and Hengli Tian

Neuroplasticity pathways and protein-interaction networks are modulated by vortioxetine in rodents

The identification of biomarkers that predict susceptibility to major depressive disorder and treatment response to antidepressants is a major challenge. Vortioxetine is a novel multimodal antidepressant that ...

Authors: Jessica A. Waller, Sara Holm Nygaard, Yan Li, Kristian Gaarn du Jardin, Joseph A. Tamm, Aicha Abdourahman, Betina Elfving, Alan L. Pehrson, Connie Sánchez and Rasmus Wernersson

Immunocytochemistry and fluorescence imaging efficiently identify individual neurons with CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene disruption in primary cortical cultures

CRISPR/Cas9 system is a powerful method to investigate the role of genes by introducing a mutation selectively and efficiently to specific genome positions in cell and animal lines. However, in primary neuron...

Authors: Hiroto Tsunematsu, Akiko Uyeda, Nobuhiko Yamamoto and Noriyuki Sugo

Difference in the functional connectivity of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex between smokers with nicotine dependence and individuals with internet gaming disorder

It has been reported that internet gaming disorder (IGD) and smokers with nicotine dependence (SND) share clinical characteristics, such as over-engagement despite negative consequences and cravings. This stud...

Authors: Xin Ge, Yawen Sun, Xu Han, Yao Wang, Weina Ding, Mengqiu Cao, Yasong Du, Jianrong Xu and Yan Zhou

Regeneration of long-distance peripheral nerve defects after delayed reconstruction in healthy and diabetic rats is supported by immunomodulatory chitosan nerve guides

Delayed reconstruction of transection or laceration injuries of peripheral nerves is inflicted by a reduced regeneration capacity. Diabetic conditions, more frequently encountered in clinical practice, are kno...

Authors: Lena Stenberg, Maria Stößel, Giulia Ronchi, Stefano Geuna, Yaobin Yin, Susanne Mommert, Lisa Mårtensson, Jennifer Metzen, Claudia Grothe, Lars B. Dahlin and Kirsten Haastert-Talini

Hippocampus and amygdala radiomic biomarkers for the study of autism spectrum disorder

Emerging evidence suggests the presence of neuroanatomical abnormalities in subjects with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Identifying anatomical correlates could thus prove useful for the automated diagnosis o...

Authors: Ahmad Chaddad, Christian Desrosiers, Lama Hassan and Camel Tanougast

Iron oxide nanoparticles may damage to the neural tissue through iron accumulation, oxidative stress, and protein aggregation

In the recent decade, iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) have been proposed for several applications in the central nervous system (CNS), including targeting amyloid beta (Aβ) in the arteries, inhibiting the mic...

Authors: Zahra Yarjanli, Kamran Ghaedi, Abolghasem Esmaeili, Soheila Rahgozar and Ali Zarrabi

Investigating the impact of electrical stimulation temporal distribution on cortical network responses

The brain is continuously targeted by a wealth of stimuli with complex spatio-temporal patterns and has presumably evolved in order to cope with those inputs in an optimal way. Previous studies investigating t...

Authors: Francesca Scarsi, Jacopo Tessadori, Michela Chiappalone and Valentina Pasquale

The order of complexity of visuomotor learning

Learning algorithms come in three orders of complexity: zeroth-order (perturbation), first-order (gradient descent), and second-order (e.g., quasi-Newton). But which of these are used in the brain? We trained ...

Authors: John Kim, Fariya Mostafa and Douglas Blair Tweed

White matter damage and systemic inflammation in Parkinson’s disease

Systemic inflammation and white matter (WM) alterations have been noted as effects of Parkinson’s disease (PD). This study sought to evaluate WM integrity in PD patients using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) an...

Authors: Pi-Ling Chiang, Hsiu-Ling Chen, Cheng-Hsien Lu, Pei-Chin Chen, Meng-Hsiang Chen, I.-Hsiao Yang, Nai-Wen Tsai and Wei-Che Lin

Lateral cortical Cdca7 expression levels are regulated by Pax6 and influence the production of intermediate progenitors

We studied whether regulation of Cdca7 (Cell division cycle associated 7) expression by transcription factor Pax6 contributes to Pax6’s cellular actions during corticogenesis. The function of Cdca7 in mediating P...

Authors: Yu-Ting Huang, John O. Mason and David J. Price

SIRT1 ameliorates oxidative stress induced neural cell death and is down-regulated in Parkinson’s disease

Sirtuins (SIRTs) are NAD⁺ dependent lysine deacetylases which are conserved from bacteria to humans and have been associated with longevity and lifespan extension. SIRT1, the best studied mammalian SIRT is invol...

Authors: Preeti Singh, Peter S. Hanson and Christopher M. Morris

Using Kalirin conditional knockout mice to distinguish its role in dopamine receptor mediated behaviors

Mice lacking Kalirin-7 (Kal7^KO), a Rho GDP/GTP exchange factor, self-administer cocaine at a higher rate than wildtype mice, and show an exaggerated locomotor response to experimenter-administered cocaine. Kal7, ...

Authors: Taylor P. LaRese, Yan Yan, Betty A. Eipper and Richard E. Mains

Antagonistic action on NMDA/GluN2B mediated currents of two peptides that were conantokin-G structure-based designed

The GluN2B subunit of the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAr) modulates many physiological processes including learning, memory, and pain. Excessive increase in NMDAr/GluN2B activity has been associated with va...

Authors: Edwin A. Reyes-Guzman, Nohora Vega-Castro, Edgar A. Reyes-Montaño and Esperanza Recio-Pinto