Articles

The effect of anesthetic dose on the motor response induced by low-intensity pulsed ultrasound stimulation

Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound stimulation (LIPUS) has been proven to be a noninvasive method with high spatial resolution and deep penetration. Previous studies have qualitatively demonstrated that the elect...

Authors: Yi Yuan, Xingran Wang, Jiaqing Yan and Xiaoli Li

Dyskinesia and brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels after long-term levodopa and nicotinic receptor agonist treatments in female mice with near-total unilateral dopaminergic denervation

The treatment of Parkinson’s disease is often complicated by levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID). Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonists can alleviate LID in animal models but may be less effective in conditi...

Authors: Sakari Leino, Samuel Kohtala, Tomi Rantamäki, Sini K. Koski, Saara Rannanpää and Outi Salminen

PKCε phosphorylation regulates the mitochondrial translocation of ATF2 in ischemia-induced neurodegeneration

Global cerebral ischemia triggers neurodegeneration in the hippocampal CA1 region, but the mechanism of neuronal death remains elusive. The epsilon isoform of protein kinase C (PKCε) has recently been identifi...

Authors: Varun Kumar, Yi-Chinn Weng, Yu-Chieh Wu, Yu-Ting Huang and Wen-Hai Chou

Metabolite differences between glutamate carboxypeptidase II gene knockout mice and their wild-type littermates after traumatic brain injury: a 7-tesla ¹H-MRS study

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a complex condition and remains a prominent public and medical health issue in individuals of all ages. A rapid increase in extracellular glutamate occurs after TBI, leading to ...

Authors: Wenbo Wu, Siyi Xu, Jialin Wang, Kuiming Zhang, Mingkun Zhang, Yang Cao, Hongqing Ren, Deyou Zheng and Chunlong Zhong

Biaryl scaffold-focused virtual screening for anti-aggregatory and neuroprotective effects in Alzheimer’s disease

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a primary cause of dementia in ageing population affecting more than 35 million people around the globe. It is a chronic neurodegenerative disease caused by defected folding and agg...

Authors: Sidra Khalid, Muhammad Ammar Zahid, Hussain Ali, Yeong S. Kim and Salman Khan

Abstracts of the 6th Meeting of the Neapolitan Brain Group

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Downregulation of calcium-dependent NMDA receptor desensitization by sodium-calcium exchangers: a role of membrane cholesterol

The plasma membrane Na⁺/Ca²⁺-exchanger (NCX) has recently been shown to regulate Ca²⁺-dependent N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) desensitization, suggesting a tight interaction of NCXs and NMDARs in lipid na...

Authors: Dmitry A. Sibarov, Ekaterina E. Poguzhelskaya and Sergei M. Antonov

Glycine receptors expression in rat spinal cord and dorsal root ganglion in prostaglandin E2 intrathecal injection models

Glycine receptors (GlyRs) are involved in the development of spinal pain sensitization. The GlyRα3 subunit has recently emerged as a key factor in inflammatory pain pathways in the spinal cord dorsal horn (DH)...

Authors: Hung-Chen Wang, Kuang-I Cheng, Pei-Ru Chen, Kuang-Yi Tseng, Aij-Lie Kwan and Lin-Li Chang

Riboflavin and pyridoxine restore dopamine levels and reduce oxidative stress in brain of rats

Neurological disorders suggest that the excitotoxicity involves a drastic increase in intracellular Ca²⁺ concentrations and the formation of reactive oxygen species. The presence of these free radicals may also a...

Authors: Armando Valenzuela Peraza, David Calderón Guzmán, Norma Osnaya Brizuela, Maribel Ortiz Herrera, Hugo Juárez Olguín, Miroslava Lindoro Silva, Belén Juárez Tapia and Gerardo Barragán Mejía

PA28αβ overexpression enhances learning and memory of female mice without inducing 20S proteasome activity

The proteasome system plays an important role in synaptic plasticity. Induction and maintenance of long term potentiation is directly dependent on selective targeting of proteins for proteasomal degradation. T...

Authors: Julia Adelöf, My Andersson, Michelle Porritt, Anne Petersen, Madeleine Zetterberg, John Wiseman and Malin Hernebring

Identification of the neurotransmitter profile of AmFoxP expressing neurons in the honeybee brain using double-label in situ hybridization

FoxP transcription factors play crucial roles for the development and function of vertebrate brains. In humans the neurally expressed FOXPs, FOXP1, FOXP2, and FOXP4 are implicated in cognition, including langu...

Authors: Adriana Schatton, Julia Agoro, Janis Mardink, Gérard Leboulle and Constance Scharff

The significance of anti-neuronal antibodies for acute psychiatric disorders: a retrospective case–controlled study

The clinical significance of anti-neuronal antibodies in patients with psychiatric disorders, but without encephalitis, remains unknown. In patients admitted to acute psychiatric inpatient care we aimed to ide...

Authors: Morten B. Schou, Sverre Georg Sæther, Ole Kristian Drange, Karoline Krane-Gartiser, Solveig K. Reitan, Arne E. Vaaler and Daniel Kondziella

27th Annual Computational Neuroscience Meeting (CNS*2018): Part Two

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27th Annual Computational Neuroscience Meeting (CNS*2018): Part One

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Transcranial direct current stimulation for the treatment of tinnitus: a review of clinical trials and mechanisms of action

Tinnitus is the perception of sound in the absence of any external acoustic stimulation. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has shown promising though heterogeneous therapeutic outcomes for tinnitu...

Authors: Tifei Yuan, Ali Yadollahpour, Julio Salgado-Ramírez, Daniel Robles-Camarillo and Rocío Ortega-Palacios

Functional EEG connectivity during competition

Social behavior and interactions pervasively shape and influence our lives and relationships. Competition, in particular, has become a core topic in social neuroscience since it stresses the relevance and sali...

Authors: Michela Balconi and Maria Elide Vanutelli

Neurovascular dysfunction in vascular dementia, Alzheimer’s and atherosclerosis

Efficient blood supply to the brain is of paramount importance to its normal functioning and improper blood flow can result in potentially devastating neurological consequences. Cerebral blood flow in response...

Authors: Osman Shabir, Jason Berwick and Sheila E. Francis

Social defeat stress before pregnancy induces depressive-like behaviours and cognitive deficits in adult male offspring: correlation with neurobiological changes

Epidemiological surveys and studies with animal models have established a relationship between maternal stress and affective disorders in their offspring. However, whether maternal depression before pregnancy ...

Authors: Sheng Wei, Zifa Li, Meng Ren, Jieqiong Wang, Jie Gao, Yinghui Guo, Kaiyong Xu, Fang Li, Dehao Zhu, Hao Zhang, Rongju Lv and Mingqi Qiao

Effect of pulsed transcranial ultrasound stimulation at different number of tone-burst on cortico-muscular coupling

Pulsed transcranial ultrasound stimulation (pTUS) can modulate the neuronal activity of motor cortex and elicit muscle contractions. Cortico-muscular coupling (CMC) can serve as a tool to identify interaction ...

Authors: Ping Xie, Sa Zhou, Xingran Wang, Yibo Wang and Yi Yuan

An effort toward molecular biology of food deprivation induced food hoarding in gonadectomized NMRI mouse model: focus on neural oxidative status

Environmental uncertainty, such as food deprivation, may alter internal milieu of nervous system through various mechanisms. In combination with circumstances of stress or aging, high consumption of unsaturate...

Authors: Noushin Nikray, Isaac Karimi, Zahraminoosh Siavashhaghighi, Lora A. Becker and Mohammad Mehdi Mofatteh

Anti-inflammatory effects of minocycline are mediated by retinoid signaling

Minocycline is a lipophilic tetracycline of increasing appeal in neuroscience as it inhibits microglial activation, a mechanism involved in numerous neuropsychiatric disorders. Own data point towards retinoid-...

Authors: Vera Clemens, Francesca Regen, Nathalie Le Bret, Isabella Heuser and Julian Hellmann-Regen

Transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation of motor cortical areas in freely-moving awake rats

Low-intensity transcranial focused ultrasound (tFUS) has emerged as a new non-invasive modality of brain stimulation with the potential for high spatial selectivity and penetration depth. Anesthesia is typical...

Authors: Wonhye Lee, Phillip Croce, Ryan W. Margolin, Amanda Cammalleri, Kyungho Yoon and Seung-Schik Yoo

Effects of transcranial focused ultrasound on human primary motor cortex using 7T fMRI: a pilot study

Transcranial focused ultrasound (tFUS) is a new non-invasive neuromodulation technique that uses mechanical energy to modulate neuronal excitability with high spatial precision. tFUS has been shown to be capab...

Authors: Leo Ai, Priya Bansal, Jerel K. Mueller and Wynn Legon

Expression of alternatively spliced variants of the Dclk1 gene is regulated by psychotropic drugs

The long-term effects of psychotropic drugs are associated with the reversal of disease-related alterations through the reorganization and normalization of neuronal connections. Molecular factors that trigger ...

Authors: Magdalena Zygmunt, Dżesika Hoinkis, Jacek Hajto, Marcin Piechota, Bożena Skupień-Rabian, Urszula Jankowska, Sylwia Kędracka-Krok, Jan Rodriguez Parkitna and Michał Korostyński

Single-trial dynamics explain magnitude sensitive decision making

Previous research has reported or predicted, on the basis of theoretical and computational work, magnitude sensitive reaction times. Magnitude sensitivity can arise (1) as a function of single-trial dynamics ...

Authors: Angelo Pirrone, Wen Wen and Sheng Li

The roles of aromatic residues in the glycine receptor transmembrane domain

Cys-loop receptors play important roles in fast neuronal signal transmission. Functional receptors are pentamers, with each subunit having an extracellular, transmembrane (TM) and intracellular domain. Each TM...

Authors: Bijun Tang and Sarah C. R. Lummis

Involvement of Akt/CREB signaling pathways in the protective effect of EPA against interleukin-1β-induced cytotoxicity and BDNF down-regulation in cultured rat hippocampal neurons

Our published data have indicated that the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) provides beneficial effects by attenuating neuronal damage induced by interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and up-re...

Authors: YiLong Dong, KangJing Pu, WenJing Duan, HuiCheng Chen, LiXing Chen and YanMei Wang

Leptin: role over central nervous system in epilepsy

Adipose tissue is a dynamic organ with different effects on the body. Many of these effects are mediated by leptin, a hormone strongly involved in regulation of feeding and energy metabolism. It has an importa...

Authors: Laura Mora-Muñoz, Alejandro Guerrero-Naranjo, Elisa Angélica Rodríguez-Jimenez, Claudio Alberto Mastronardi and Alberto Velez-van-Meerbeke

Amelioration of spinal cord injury in rats by blocking peroxynitrite/calpain activity

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the leading causes of disability and chronic pain. In SCI-induced pathology, homeostasis of the nitric oxide (NO) metabolome is lost. Major NO metabolites such as S-nitrosogl...

Authors: Mushfiquddin Khan, Tajinder S. Dhammu, Inderjit Singh and Avtar K. Singh

The effect of intracerebroventricular administration of orexin receptor type 2 antagonist on pentylenetetrazol-induced kindled seizures and anxiety in rats

Current antiepileptic drugs are not able to prevent recurrent seizures in all patients. Orexins are excitatory hypothalamic neuropeptides that their receptors (Orx1R and Orx2R) are found almost in all major re...

Authors: Saeedeh Asadi, Ali Roohbakhsh, Ali Shamsizadeh, Masoud Fereidoni, Elham Kordijaz and Ali Moghimi

Arc protein expression after unilateral intracranial self-stimulation of the medial forebrain bundle is upregulated in specific nuclei of memory-related areas

Intracranial Self-Stimulation (ICSS) of the medial forebrain bundle (MFB) is a deep brain stimulation procedure, which has a powerful enhancement effect on explicit and implicit memory. However, the downstream...

Authors: Elisabet Kádár, Eva Vico Varela, Laura Aldavert-Vera, Gemma Huguet, Ignacio Morgado-Bernal and Pilar Segura-Torres

Differential modulation of human GABA_C-ρ1 receptor by sulfur-containing compounds structurally related to taurine

The amino acid taurine (2-Aminoethanesulfonic acid) modulates inhibitory neurotransmitter receptors. This study aimed to determine if the dual action of taurine on GABA_C-ρ1R relates to its structure. To address t...

Authors: Lenin David Ochoa-de la Paz, Martin González-Andrade, Herminia Pasantes-Morales, Rodrigo Franco, Rubén Zamora-Alvarado, Edgar Zenteno, Hugo Quiroz-Mercado, Roberto Gonzales-Salinas and Rosario Gulias-Cañizo

Cognitive and emotional alterations in App knock-in mouse models of Aβ amyloidosis

Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common cause of dementia, is characterized by the progressive deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides and neurofibrillary tangles. Mouse models of Aβ amyloidosis generated by k...

Authors: Yasufumi Sakakibara, Michiko Sekiya, Takashi Saito, Takaomi C. Saido and Koichi M. Iijima

Assessment of brain beta-amyloid deposition in transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease with PET imaging agents ¹⁸F-flutemetamol and ¹⁸F-florbetaben

Although amyloid beta (Aβ) imaging is widely used for diagnosing and monitoring Alzheimer’s disease in clinical fields, paralleling comparison between ¹⁸F-flutemetamol and ¹⁸F-florbetaben was rarely attempted in ...

Authors: Hye Joo Son, Young Jin Jeong, Hyun Jin Yoon, Sang Yoon Lee, Go-Eun Choi, Ji-Ae Park, Min Hwan Kim, Kyo Chul Lee, Yong Jin Lee, Mun Ki Kim, Kook Cho and Do-Young Kang

Relationship between ambient light and glucose metabolism in healthy subjects

Given the reported inverse association between light and depressive mood, ambient light may also be associated with some of the brain regions in healthy subjects. The present study aims to investigate the effe...

Authors: Hirofumi Hirakawa, Takeshi Terao, Koji Hatano, Kentaro Kohno and Nobuyoshi Ishii

Blue light induces a neuroprotective gene expression program in Drosophila photoreceptors

Light exposure induces oxidative stress, which contributes to ocular diseases of aging. Blue light provides a model for light-induced oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation and retinal degeneration in Drosophila me...

Authors: Hana Hall, Jingqun Ma, Sudhanshu Shekhar, Walter D. Leon-Salas and Vikki M. Weake

Calcium currents in striatal fast-spiking interneurons: dopaminergic modulation of Ca_V1 channels

Striatal fast-spiking interneurons (FSI) are a subset of GABAergic cells that express calcium-binding protein parvalbumin (PV). They provide feed-forward inhibition to striatal projection neurons (SPNs), recei...

Authors: Ernesto Alberto Rendón-Ochoa, Teresa Hernández-Flores, Victor Hugo Avilés-Rosas, Verónica Alejandra Cáceres-Chávez, Mariana Duhne, Antonio Laville, Dagoberto Tapia, Elvira Galarraga and José Bargas

Juvenile stress induces behavioral change and affects perineuronal net formation in juvenile mice

Many neuropsychiatric disorders develop in early life. Although the mechanisms involved have not been elucidated, it is possible that functional abnormalities of parvalbumin-positive interneurons (PV neurons) ...

Authors: Hiroshi Ueno, Shunsuke Suemitsu, Shinji Murakami, Naoya Kitamura, Kenta Wani, Yosuke Matsumoto, Motoi Okamoto, Shozo Aoki and Takeshi Ishihara

Mapping visuospatial attention: the greyscales task in combination with repetitive navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation

Visuospatial attention is executed by the frontoparietal cortical areas of the brain. Damage to these areas can result in visual neglect. We therefore aimed to assess a combination of the greyscales task and r...

Authors: Katrin Giglhuber, Stefanie Maurer, Claus Zimmer, Bernhard Meyer and Sandro M. Krieg

A novel locus on mouse chromosome 7 that influences survival after infection with tick-borne encephalitis virus

Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is the main tick-borne viral infection in Eurasia. Its manifestations range from inapparent infections and fevers with complete recovery to debilitating or fatal encephalitis. Th...

Authors: Martin Palus, Yahya Sohrabi, Karl W. Broman, Hynek Strnad, Matyáš Šíma, Daniel Růžek, Valeriya Volkova, Martina Slapničková, Jarmila Vojtíšková, Lucie Mrázková, Jiří Salát and Marie Lipoldová

Melatonin ameliorates cognitive memory by regulation of cAMP-response element-binding protein expression and the anti-inflammatory response in a rat model of post-traumatic stress disorder

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is an important psychological disease that can develop following the physical experience or witnessing of traumatic events. The psychopathological response to traumatic st...

Authors: Bombi Lee, Insop Shim, Hyejung Lee and Dae-Hyun Hahm

Late administration of high-frequency electrical stimulation increases nerve regeneration without aggravating neuropathic pain in a nerve crush injury

High-frequency transcutaneous neuromuscular electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is currently used for the administration of electrical current in denervated muscle to alleviate muscle atrophy and enhance moto...

Authors: Hong-Lin Su, Chien-Yi Chiang, Zong-Han Lu, Fu-Chou Cheng, Chun-Jung Chen, Meei-Ling Sheu, Jason Sheehan and Hung-Chuan Pan

Higher levels of thyroxine may predict a favorable response to donepezil treatment in patients with Alzheimer disease: a prospective, case–control study

Cholinergic hypothesis has been advanced as an etiology of Alzheimer disease (AD) on the basis of the presynaptic deficit found in the diseased brains, and cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs) are the treatment o...

Authors: Yu San Chang, Yu Hsuan Wu, Chin Jen Wang, Shu Hui Tang and Hsiang Lan Chen

Neural correlates of free recall of “famous events” in a “hypermnestic” individual as compared to an age- and education-matched reference group

Memory performance of an individual (within the age range: 50–55 years old) showing superior memory abilities (protagonist PR) was compared to an age- and education-matched reference group in a historical fact...

Authors: Thorsten Fehr, Angelica Staniloiu, Hans J. Markowitsch, Peter Erhard and Manfred Herrmann

Modulation of long-term potentiation-like cortical plasticity in the healthy brain with low frequency-pulsed electromagnetic fields

Non-depolarizing magnetic fields, like low frequency-pulsed electromagnetic fields (LF-PEMFs) have shown the ability to modulate living structures, principally by influencing synaptic activity and ion channels...

Authors: Enrico Premi, Alberto Benussi, Antonio La Gatta, Stefano Visconti, Angelo Costa, Nicola Gilberti, Valentina Cantoni, Alessandro Padovani, Barbara Borroni and Mauro Magoni

Altered functional connectivity of the default mode network by glucose loading in young, healthy participants

The functional connectivity of the default mode network (DMN) decreases in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) as well as in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Altered functional connectivity of...

Authors: Kenji Ishibashi, Keita Sakurai, Keigo Shimoji, Aya M. Tokumaru and Kenji Ishii

Limited effects of dysfunctional macroautophagy on the accumulation of extracellularly derived α-synuclein in oligodendroglia: implications for MSA pathogenesis

The progressive neurodegenerative disorder multiple system atrophy (MSA) is characterized by α-synuclein-positive (oligodendro-) glial cytoplasmic inclusions (GCIs). A connection between the abnormal accumulat...

Authors: Lisa Fellner, Edith Buchinger, Dominik Brueck, Regina Irschick, Gregor K. Wenning and Nadia Stefanova

Extremely low frequency electromagnetic field exposure and restraint stress induce changes on the brain lipid profile of Wistar rats

Exposure to electromagnetic fields can affect human health, damaging tissues and cell homeostasis. Stress modulates neuronal responses and composition of brain lipids. The aim of this study was to evaluate the...

Authors: Jesús Martínez-Sámano, Alan Flores-Poblano, Leticia Verdugo-Díaz, Marco Antonio Juárez-Oropeza and Patricia V. Torres-Durán

A method for estimating relative changes in the synaptic density in Drosophila central nervous system

Synapse density is an essential indicator of development and functioning of the central nervous system. It is estimated indirectly through the accumulation of pre and postsynaptic proteins in tissue sections. ...

Authors: Dipti Rai, Swagata Dey and Krishanu Ray

Zinc and linoleic acid pre-treatment attenuates biochemical and histological changes in the midbrain of rats with rotenone-induced Parkinsonism

Studies have suggested the supplementation of Zinc and Linoleic acid in the management of neurodegenerative disorders but none has investigated the combined effects. Little is known about the neuroprotective e...

Authors: Ngala Elvis Mbiydzenyuy, Herbert Izo Ninsiima, Miriela Betancourt Valladares and Constant Anatole Pieme