Articles

Histological characterization of orphan transporter MCT14 (SLC16A14) shows abundant expression in mouse CNS and kidney

MCT14 (SLC16A14) is an orphan member of the monocarboxylate transporter (MCT) family, also known as the SLC16 family of secondary active transmembrane transporters. Available expression data for this transport...

Authors: Sahar Roshanbin, Frida A. Lindberg, Emilia Lekholm, Mikaela M. Eriksson, Emelie Perland, Johan Åhlund, Amanda Raine and Robert Fredriksson

Long-term production of BDNF and NT-3 induced by A91-immunization after spinal cord injury

After spinal cord (SC)-injury, a non-modulated immune response contributes to the damage of neural tissue. Protective autoimmunity (PA) is a T cell mediated, neuroprotective response induced after SC-injury. ...

Authors: Susana Martiñón, Elisa García-Vences, Diana Toscano-Tejeida, Adrian Flores-Romero, Roxana Rodriguez-Barrera, Manuel Ferrusquia, Rolando E. Hernández-Muñoz and Antonio Ibarra

Effects of hypothermically reduced plantar skin inputs on anticipatory and compensatory balance responses

Anticipatory and compensatory balance responses are used by the central nervous system (CNS) to preserve balance, hence they significantly contribute to the understanding of physiological mechanisms of postura...

Authors: Andresa M. C. Germano, Daniel Schmidt and Thomas L. Milani

Technical considerations of a game-theoretical approach for lesion symptom mapping

Various strategies have been used for inferring brain functions from stroke lesions. We explored a new mathematical approach based on game theory, the so-called multi-perturbation Shapley value analysis (MSA),...

Authors: Melissa Zavaglia, Nils D. Forkert, Bastian Cheng, Christian Gerloff, Götz Thomalla and Claus C. Hilgetag

Age-related morphological regression of myelinated fibers and capillary architecture of distal peripheral nerves in rats

Regression of myelinated peripheral nerve fibers in the lower extremities contributes to sarcopenia and balance dysfunction in normal aging. This subclinical regression of myelinated fibers (MFs) is heavily in...

Authors: Masahiro Sakita, Shinichiro Murakami and Hidemi Fujino

The preventive effect of resiniferatoxin on the development of cold hypersensitivity induced by spinal nerve ligation: involvement of TRPM8

Resiniferatoxin (RTX) is a potent analog of capsaicin and activates transient receptor potential (TRP) vanilloid type (TRPV) 1. In the current study, we investigated the preventive effect of perineural RTX on ...

Authors: Won Uk Koh, Seong-Soo Choi, Ji Hyun Kim, Hye Joo Yoon, Ho-Soo Ahn, Sun Kyung Lee, Jeong Gil Leem, Jun Gol Song and Jin Woo Shin

The GLP-1 receptor agonists exendin-4 and liraglutide alleviate oxidative stress and cognitive and micturition deficits induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion in diabetic mice

Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) analogs protect a variety of cell types against oxidative damage and vascular and neuronal injury via binding to GLP-1 receptors. This study aimed to investigate the effects of ...

Authors: Ping-Chia Li, Li-Fen Liu, Ming-Jia Jou and Hao-Kuang Wang

Arachidonic acid pathway alterations in cerebrospinal fluid of dogs with naturally occurring spinal cord injury

Canine intervertebral disc πherniation causes a naturally-occurring spinal cord injury (SCI) that bears critical similarities to human SCI with respect to both injury pathomechanisms and treatment. As such, it...

Authors: Rae L. Russell, Jonathan M. Levine, Nick D. Jeffery, Colin Young, Armando Mondragon, Bryan Lee, C. Elizabeth Boudreau, C. Jane Welsh and Gwendolyn J. Levine

Effects of striatal transplantation of cells transfected with GDNF gene without pre- and pro-regions in mouse model of Parkinson’s disease

Previously, we have shown that transgenic cells bearing the GDNF gene with deleted pre- and pro-regions (mGDNF) can release transgenic GDNF. The medium conditioned by transgenic cells with mGDNF induced axonal...

Authors: A. Revishchin, L. Moiseenko, N. Kust, N. Bazhenova, P. Teslia, D. Panteleev, V. Kovalzon and G. Pavlova

Developmental interneuron subtype deficits after targeted loss of Arx

Aristaless-related homeobox (ARX) is a paired-like homeodomain transcription factor that functions primarily as a transcriptional repressor and has been implicated in neocortical interneuron specification and mig...

Authors: Eric D. Marsh, MacLean Pancoast Nasrallah, Caroline Walsh, Kaitlin A. Murray, C. Nicole Sunnen, Almedia McCoy and Jeffrey A. Golden

A mitochondrial division inhibitor, Mdivi-1, inhibits mitochondrial fragmentation and attenuates kainic acid-induced hippocampal cell death

Kainic acid (KA)-induced excitotoxicity promotes cytoplasmic calcium accumulation, oxidative stress, and apoptotic signaling, leading to hippocampal neuronal death. Mitochondria play a critical role in neuroin...

Authors: Hwajin Kim, Jong Youl Lee, Keon Jae Park, Won-Ho Kim and Gu Seob Roh

Social behavioral testing and brain magnetic resonance imaging in chicks exposed to mobile phone radiation during development

The potential adverse effect of mobile phone radiation is currently an area of great concern in the field of public health. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effect of mobile phone radiation (9...

Authors: Zien Zhou, Jiehui Shan, Jinyan Zu, Zengai Chen, Weiwei Ma, Lei Li and Jianrong Xu

Neuroprotective effect of activated 5′-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase on cone system function during retinal inflammation

Retinal inflammation can cause retinal neural disorders. In particular, functional disorder in the cone photoreceptor system influences visual acuity. However, the underlying mechanism is not yet fully underst...

Authors: Mamoru Kamoshita, Kaoru Fujinami, Eriko Toda, Kazuo Tsubota and Yoko Ozawa

A non-aggressive, highly efficient, enzymatic method for dissociation of human brain-tumors and brain-tissues to viable single-cells

Conducting research on the molecular biology, immunology, and physiology of brain tumors (BTs) and primary brain tissues requires the use of viably dissociated single cells. Inadequate methods for tissue diss...

Authors: Ilan Volovitz, Netanel Shapira, Haim Ezer, Aviv Gafni, Merav Lustgarten, Tal Alter, Idan Ben-Horin, Ori Barzilai, Tal Shahar, Andrew Kanner, Itzhak Fried, Igor Veshchev, Rachel Grossman and Zvi Ram

Multimodal interaction in the insect brain

The magnitude of multimodal enhancement in the brain is believed to depend on the stimulus intensity and timing. Such an effect has been found in many species, but has not been previously investigated in insects.

Authors: Anna Balkenius and Christian Balkenius

Recurrent mild cerebral ischemia: enhanced brain injury following acute compared to subacute recurrence in the rat

In the current study, a transient cerebral ischemia producing selective cell death was designated a mild ischemic insult. A comparable insult in humans is a transient ischemic attack (TIA) that is associated with...

Authors: Ursula I. Tuor, Zonghang Zhao, Philip A. Barber and Min Qiao

Empirical Bayesian significance measure of neuronal spike response

Functional connectivity analyses of multiple neurons provide a powerful bottom-up approach to reveal functions of local neuronal circuits by using simultaneous recording of neuronal activity. A statistical met...

Authors: Shigeyuki Oba, Ken Nakae, Yuji Ikegaya, Shunsuke Aki, Junichiro Yoshimoto and Shin Ishii

Increased hypothalamic serotonin turnover in inflammation-induced anorexia

Anorexia can occur as a serious complication of disease. Increasing evidence suggests that inflammation plays a major role, along with a hypothalamic dysregulation characterized by locally elevated serotonin l...

Authors: J. T. Dwarkasing, R. F. Witkamp, M. V. Boekschoten, M. C. Ter Laak, M. S. Heins and K. van Norren

Metabolomic investigation of regional brain tissue dysfunctions induced by global cerebral ischemia

To get a broader view of global ischemia-induced cerebral disorders at the metabolic level, a nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabolomic study was performed to evaluate the metabolic profile changes on regio...

Authors: Tianshu Zhang, Wei Wang, Jin Huang, Xia Liu, Haiyan Zhang and Naixia Zhang

Comparative assessment of phototherapy protocols for reduction of oxidative stress in partially transected spinal cord slices undergoing secondary degeneration

Red/near-infrared light therapy (R/NIR-LT) has been developed as a treatment for a range of conditions, including injury to the central nervous system (CNS). However, clinical trials have reported variable or ...

Authors: Bethany Eve Ashworth, Emma Stephens, Carole A. Bartlett, Stylianos Serghiou, Marcus K. Giacci, Anna Williams, Nathan S. Hart and Melinda Fitzgerald

Reduced task-related functional connectivity during a set-shifting task in unmedicated early-stage Parkinson’s disease patients

Patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) often suffer from cognitive impairments, including set-shifting deficits, in addition to the characteristic motor symptoms. It is hypothesized that the striatal dopamine ...

Authors: Corine C. de Bondt, Niels J. H. M. Gerrits, Dick J. Veltman, Henk W. Berendse, Odile A. van den Heuvel and Ysbrand D. van der Werf

Histone deacetylase inhibitor SAHA attenuates post-seizure hippocampal microglia TLR4/MYD88 signaling and inhibits TLR4 gene expression via histone acetylation

Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder characterized by recurrent unprovoked seizures. Seizure-induced TLR4/MYD88 signaling plays a critical role in activating microglia and triggering neuron apoptosis. SA...

Authors: Qing-Peng Hu and Ding-An Mao

A brain-region-based meta-analysis method utilizing the Apriori algorithm

Brain network connectivity modeling is a crucial method for studying the brain’s cognitive functions. Meta-analyses can unearth reliable results from individual studies. Meta-analytic connectivity modeling is ...

Authors: Zhendong Niu, Yaoxin Nie, Qian Zhou, Linlin Zhu and Jieyao Wei

The Bcl-2 homologue Buffy rescues α-synuclein-induced Parkinson disease-like phenotypes in Drosophila

In contrast to the complexity found in mammals, only two Bcl-2 family genes have been found in Drosophila melanogaster including the pro-cell survival, human Bok-related orthologue, Buffy. The directed expression...

Authors: P. Githure M’Angale and Brian E. Staveley

Uninstructed BIAT faking when ego depleted or in normal state: differential effect on brain and behavior

Deception can distort psychological tests on socially sensitive topics. Understanding the cerebral processes that are involved in such faking can be useful in detection and prevention of deception. Previous re...

Authors: Wanja Wolff, Sebastian Schindler, Christoph Englert, Ralf Brand and Johanna Kissler

Poly-arginine peptides reduce infarct volume in a permanent middle cerebral artery rat stroke model

We recently reported that poly-arginine peptides have neuroprotective properties both in vitro and in vivo. In cultured cortical neurons exposed to glutamic acid excitotoxicity, we demonstrated that neuroprote...

Authors: Diego Milani, Vince W. Clark, Jane L. Cross, Ryan S. Anderton, Neville W. Knuckey and Bruno P. Meloni

Single Ca²⁺-activated Cl⁻ channel currents recorded from toad olfactory cilia

Odor transduction, occurring in the chemosensory cilia of vertebrate olfactory sensory neurons, is triggered by guanosine triphosphate-coupled odor receptors and mediated by a cyclic adenosine monophosphate (c...

Authors: Ricardo Delgado, Casilda V. Mura and Juan Bacigalupo

Development of a central nervous system axonal myelination assay for high throughput screening

Regeneration of new myelin is impaired in persistent multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions, leaving neurons unable to function properly and subject to further degeneration. Current MS therapies attempt to ameliorate...

Authors: Karen D. Lariosa-Willingham, Elen S. Rosler, Jay S. Tung, Jason C. Dugas, Tassie L. Collins and Dmitri Leonoudakis

A mathematical model provides mechanistic links to temporal patterns in Drosophila daily activity

Circadian clocks are endogenous biochemical oscillators that control daily behavioral rhythms in all living organisms. In fruit fly, the circadian rhythms are typically studied using power spectra of multiday ...

Authors: Andrey Lazopulo and Sheyum Syed

Glutamate carboxypeptidase II gene knockout attenuates oxidative stress and cortical apoptosis after traumatic brain injury

Glutamate carboxypeptidase II (GCPII) inactivates the peptide co-transmitter N-acetylaspartylglutamate following synaptic release. Inhibition of GCPII elevates extracellular levels of the peptide, inhibits glutam...

Authors: Yang Cao, Yang Gao, Siyi Xu, Jingang Bao, Yingying Lin, Xingguang Luo, Yong Wang, Qizhong Luo, Jiyao Jiang, Joseph H. Neale and Chunlong Zhong

Neuroanatomical features in soldiers with post-traumatic stress disorder

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), an anxiety disorder that can develop after exposure to psychological trauma, impacts up to 20 % of soldiers returning from combat-related deployment. Advanced neuroimaging...

Authors: D. Sussman, E. W. Pang, R. Jetly, B. T. Dunkley and M. J. Taylor

Indomethacin treatment prior to pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures downregulates the expression of il1b and cox2 and decreases seizure-like behavior in zebrafish larvae

It has been demonstrated that the zebrafish model of pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-evoked seizures and the well-established rodent models of epilepsy are similar pertaining to behavior, electrographic features, and c-

Authors: Patrícia Gonçalves Barbalho, Iscia Lopes-Cendes and Claudia Vianna Maurer-Morelli

Astaxanthin ameliorates prenatal LPS-exposed behavioral deficits and oxidative stress in adult offspring

Prenatal maternal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure leads to behavioral deficits such as depression, anxiety, and schizophrenia in the adult lives. LPS-exposure resulted in the production of cytokines and oxid...

Authors: Md. Mamun Al-Amin, Rabeya Sultana, Sharmin Sultana, Md. Mahbubur Rahman and Hasan Mahmud Reza

miR-320a affects spinal cord edema through negatively regulating aquaporin-1 of blood–spinal cord barrier during bimodal stage after ischemia reperfusion injury in rats

Spinal cord edema is a serious complication and pathophysiological change after ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury. It has been demonstrated closely associated with bimodal disruption of blood–spinal cord barrie...

Authors: Xiao-Qian Li, Bo Fang, Wen-Fei Tan, Zhi-Lin Wang, Xi-Jia Sun, Zai-Li Zhang and Hong Ma

A new in vitro mouse oligodendrocyte precursor cell migration assay reveals a role for integrin-linked kinase in cell motility

The decline of remyelination in chronic multiple sclerosis (MS) is in part attributed to inadequate oligodendrocyte precursor cell (OPC) migration, a process governed by the extracellular matrix (ECM). Elucida...

Authors: Ryan W. O’Meara, Sarah E. Cummings, John-Paul Michalski and Rashmi Kothary

Parallel processing of cognitive and physical demands in left and right prefrontal cortices during smartphone use while walking

Smartphone use while walking is becoming a public concern owing to an increased risk of falling that can result from cognitive-motor interference. We evaluated prefrontal cortex (PFC) activity in participants ...

Authors: Naoyuki Takeuchi, Takayuki Mori, Yoshimi Suzukamo, Naofumi Tanaka and Shin-Ichi Izumi

Greater improvement in LRRK2 G2019S patients undergoing Subthalamic Nucleus Deep Brain Stimulation compared to non-mutation carriers

Bilateral subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) of parkinson’s disease (PD) patients has demonstrated to improve motor performance and to reduce dopa-induced dyskinesia. An association between t...

Authors: Massiva Sayad, Mohamed Zouambia, Malika Chaouch, Farida Ferrat, Mustapha Nebbal, Mohamed Bendini, Suzanne Lesage, Alexis Brice, Mohamed Brahim Errahmani and Boualem Asselah

Changed categorical perception of consonant–vowel syllables induced by transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS)

Speech-related disorders may refer to impairment of temporal analysis in the human auditory system. By the advance of non-invasive brain stimulation new forms of therapy arise. In the present study, we examine...

Authors: Kai Heimrath, Anna Fischer, Hans-Jochen Heinze and Tino Zaehle

Engraftment of enteric neural progenitor cells into the injured adult brain

A major area of unmet need is the development of strategies to restore neuronal network systems and to recover brain function in patients with neurological disease. The use of cell-based therapies remains an a...

Authors: Jaime Belkind-Gerson, Ryo Hotta, Michael Whalen, Naema Nayyar, Nandor Nagy, Lily Cheng, Aaron Zuckerman, Allan M. Goldstein and Jorg Dietrich

Gamma oscillation in functional brain networks is involved in the spontaneous remission of depressive behavior induced by chronic restraint stress in mice

Depression is one of the most prevalent mood disorders, and is known to be associated with abnormal functional connectivity in neural networks of the brain. Interestingly, a significant proportion of patients ...

Authors: Arshi Khalid, Byung Sun Kim, Bo Am Seo, Soon-Tae Lee, Keun-Hwa Jung, Kon Chu, Sang Kun Lee and Daejong Jeon

Roles of NMDA and dopamine in food-foraging decision-making strategies of rats in the social setting

In highly complex social settings, an animal’s motivational drive to pursue an object depends not only on the intrinsic properties of the object, but also on whether the decision-making animal perceives an ob...

Authors: Fang Li, Wen-Yu Cao, Fu-Lian Huang, Wen-Jing Kang, Xiao-Lin Zhong, Zhao-Lan Hu, Hong-Tao Wang, Juan Zhang, Jian-Yi Zhang, Ru-Ping Dai, Xin-Fu Zhou and Chang-Qi Li

The vulnerability of thalamocortical circuitry to hypoxic-ischemic injury in a mouse model of periventricular leukomalacia

Periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) is the leading cause of neurological disabilities including motor and cognitive deficits in premature infants. Periventricular leukomalacia is characterized by damage to the ...

Authors: Xiao-Bo Liu, Yan Shen, David E. Pleasure and Wenbin Deng

SP, CGRP changes in pyridoxine induced neuropathic dogs with nerve growth factor gene therapy

Nerve growth factor (NGF) is known not only as a major factor for neuronal plasticity but also as a pain stimulator. Although there have been several trials with NGF for its application in the regeneration or ...

Authors: Joo-Yeon Kang, Dae Young Yoo, Kwon-Young Lee, Wooseok Im, Manho Kim, Jung Hoon Choi, Hwa-Young Youn, Sae Hoon Kim, In Koo Hwang and Jin-Young Chung

Limb remote ischemic postconditioning protects cerebral ischemia from injury associated with expression of HIF-1α in rats

Limb remote ischemic postconditioning (LRIP) can ameliorate cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury (IRI), while the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) is an important tran...

Authors: Yonghua Zong, Ling Jiang, Mingxiao Zhang, Fangfang Zhou, Wenqian Qi, Shuai Li, Huijun Yang, Yu Zou, Qingjie Xia, Xue Zhou, Xiaosong Hu and Tinghua Wang

Characterization of a novel zebrafish (Danio rerio) gene, wdr81, associated with cerebellar ataxia, mental retardation and dysequilibrium syndrome (CAMRQ)

WDR81 (WD repeat-containing protein 81) is associated with cerebellar ataxia, mental retardation and disequilibrium syndrome (CAMRQ2, [MIM 610185]). Human and mouse studies suggest tha...

Authors: Fusun Doldur-Balli, Mehmet Neset Ozel, Suleyman Gulsuner, Ayse B. Tekinay, Tayfun Ozcelik, Ozlen Konu and Michelle M. Adams

Driving steady-state visual evoked potentials at arbitrary frequencies using temporal interpolation of stimulus presentation

Steady-state visual evoked potentials have been utilized widely in basic and applied research in recent years. These oscillatory responses of the visual cortex are elicited by flickering stimuli. They have th...

Authors: Søren K. Andersen and Matthias M. Müller

Multilevel analysis quantifies variation in the experimental effect while optimizing power and preventing false positives

In neuroscience, experimental designs in which multiple measurements are collected in the same research object or treatment facility are common. Such designs result in clustered or nested data. When clusters i...

Authors: Emmeke Aarts, Conor V. Dolan, Matthijs Verhage and Sophie van der Sluis

Information transfer by local field potentials in the hippocampal formation

Authors: Maria Constantinou, Daniel Squirrell, John Gigg and Marcelo A Montemurro

Cross-cultural differences in visual attention: a computational modelling study

Authors: Eirini Mavritsaki and Panagiotis Rentzelas

Multi-compartmental modeling in Brian 2

Authors: Marcel Stimberg, Dan F M Goodman and Romain Brette