Table 1 Biographical data for all participants (N = 141; 75 PHIV, 66 HIV-)

Age: 5 years (N = 82)

Sample size (N)

52

30

Age at scan (years)

5.39 ± 0.31

5.60 ± 0.43

0.01

Number of males (% males)

21 (40%)

16 (53%)

0.24

Birth weight (g)

3125 ± 386

2973 ± 603

0.14

Estimated total intracranial volume (ETIV) (cm³)

1375 ± 96

1363 ± 110

0.60

Neuropsychological measures GMDS^a

All CPHIV

IntART

(n = 24)

ConART

(n = 28)

All HIV-

CHEU

(n = 17)

CHU

(n = 13)

 Performance (EQ)

74 ± 10

73 ± 11

76 ± 10

76 ± 18

73 ± 20

79 ± 17

0.58

 Practical reasoning (FQ)

77 ± 8

76 ± 10

77 ± 7

76 ± 11

73 ± 12

79 ± 7

0.55

 Sub-scales aggregate (GQ)

83 ± 6

83 ± 7

83 ± 6

83 ± 8

82 ± 10

84 ± 6

0.82

Age: 7 years (N = 125)

Sample size (N)

71

54

Age at scan (years)

7.20 ± 0.13

7.24 ± 0.13

0.16

Number of males (% males)

36 (51%)

30 (56%)

0.72

Birth weight (g)

3081 ± 454

3081 ± 481

0.99

Estimated total intracranial volume (ETIV) (cm³)

1419 ± 101

1444 ± 137

0.24

Neuropsychological measures KABC^b COMPOSITE SCORES

All CPHIV

IntART

(n = 32)

ConART

(n = 39)

All HIV-

CHEU

(n = 23)

CHU

(n = 31)

 Mental processing index

72 ± 8

72 ± 8

73 ± 8

75 ± 10

74 ± 10

76 ± 11

0.06

 Non-verbal index

74 ± 11

73 ± 11

75 ± 11

76 ± 12

73 ± 12

78 ± 11

0.34

Age: 9 years (N = 41)

Sample size (N)

12

29

Age at scan (years)

9.13 ± 0.27

9.03 ± 0.56

0.57

Number of males (% males)

7 (58%)

16 (55%)

1.00

Birth weight (g)

3126 ± 479

3171 ± 466

0.78

Estimated total intracranial volume (ETIV) (cm³)

1422 ± 683

1437 ± 135

0.71

Neuropsychological measures KABC^b COMPOSITE SCORES

All CPHIV

IntART

(n = 8)

ConART

(n = 4)

All HIV-

CHEU

(n = 17)

CHU

(n = 12)

 Mental processing index

73 ± 10

73 ± 10

72 ± 10

79 ± 12

77 ± 12

81 ± 12

0.14

 Non-verbal index

78 ± 10

78 ± 8

77 ± 15

80 ± 14

80 ± 14

80 ± 13

0.65