The neurodevelopmental basis of schizophrenia: clinical clues from craniofacial dysmorphology in northwest Ethiopia, 2020

Table 1 Descriptive statistics of anthropometric measurements of cranial dimensions among participants with schizophrenia, 1st-degree relatives, and healthy controls

Cranial anthropometric measurements (cm)	N	Mean (cm)	Std. deviation	95% confidence interval for mean
Cranial anthropometric measurements (cm)	N	Mean (cm)	Std. deviation	Lower bound	Upper bound
Head length
Schizophrenic	190	28.02	3.41	27.53	28.51
1st degree relatives	190	27.85	0.82	27.73	27.97
Healthy control	190	28.2	0.84	28.08	28.32
Head width
Schizophrenic	190	13.47	1.21	13.29	13.64
1st degree relatives	190	13.03	1.03	12.89	13.18
Healthy control	190	13.43	0.91	13.3	13.56
Head height
Schizophrenic	190	17.74	1.56	17.51	17.96
1st degree relatives	190	17.4	0.99	17.26	17.54
Healthy control	190	17.44	1.36	17.24	17.63
Axial arc length (head circumference)
Schizophrenic	190	55.25	4.96	54.54	55.96
1st degree relatives	190	55.78	1.65	55.55	56.02
Healthy control	190	56.19	2.59	55.82	56.56
Coronal arc length
Schizophrenic	190	35.67	2.27	35.34	35.99
1st degree relatives	190	34.81	1.97	34.52	35.09
Healthy control	190	34.88	2.71	34.49	35.27
Sagittal arc length
Schizophrenic	190	30.84	1.95	30.57	31.12
1st degree relatives	190	30.14	1.91	29.86	30.41
Healthy control	190	29.79	3.09	29.35	30.24

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