Fig. 3

The effect of AICAR on Tnf-α and Pgc1-α expression. a–d The samples of 661W cells were obtained 3 h after incubation with AICAR. a, b Immunoblot analyses. The level of phospho-5′-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) was upregulated with AICAR treatment at concentrations of 0.5 mM and 1 mM. c, d Real-time PCR. The mRNA level of Tnf-α was decreased (c) and that of Pgc1-α was increased (d) by AICAR treatment. All groups, n = 6. All results are expressed as the mean ± SD. One-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test was used to assess the statistical significance of differences. P < 0.05 was regarded as significant. *P < 0.05. **P < 0.01