Table 1 Plasma glucose, insulin and triglyceride concentrations, calculated HOMA index and whole blood ß-hydroxybutyrate concentrations at 4 and 8 weeks of feeding control or high-sucrose diet

Glucose (mmol/L)

4.0 ± 0.41

4.4 ± 0.1

4.1 ± 1.0

6.0 ± 1.8***

<0.05

<0.01

Insulin (ng/ml)

0.6 ± 0.4

0.3 ± 0.1

0.7 ± 0.3

1.8 ± 0.9**

<0.001

<0.05

HOMA1 index

2.3 ±1.91

1.4 ± 0.41

4.1 ± 4.1

10.5 ± 4.8**

<0.001

<0.05

<0.05

Triglycerides (mg/ml)

0.9 ± 0.2

0.7 ± 0.2

0.7 ± 0.3

1.5 ± 0.5**

<0.05

<0.05

<0.01

β-hydroxybutyrate (mmol/L)

0.9 ± 0.2

0.9 ± 0.2

0.6 ± 0.2

0.7 ± 0.11

<0.05