Fig. 1

JEV replication and death of neuronal cells SK-N-SH cells were infected with JEV at 5 MOI. (A) The protein levels of JEV NS3 were checked in control and JEV-infected cells. (B) Bar graph showing the average NS3 protein levels normalized to β-actin. (C, D) JEV RNA levels in cells and culture media indicated by PCR. (E) Cells were photographed under the microscope (100x). (F) Viable cells were assayed with crystal violet. (G) Graphical data showing the OD550 nm from 1% SDS elution with crystal violet stain. Values represent the mean ± SEM (n = 5 [B], 10 [C, D, G]). **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 vs. control