Fig. 1

TBI + HS accelerated microglia M1 polarization and aggravated the microglia-mediated inflammatory response and oxidative stress. (A). The lesions in the brain sections of the sham and TBI + HS mice was measured by Nissl-staining. (B). Enlargement Nissl staining images of neuronal loss in the ischemic penumbra area (the red box area in A) of sham and TBI + HS mice. (C). The images of double immunofluorescent staining for NeuN (green) and TUNEL (red) in sham and TBI + HS mice. (D-G). The content of TNF-α, IL-1β, MDA and GSH in sham and TBI + HS mice were measured by detection kits (n = 6). Unpaired t-test was used to analyze data. (H). The images of double immunofluorescent staining for CD16/32 (green) and Iba1 (red) in sham and TBI + HS mice. Blue fluorescence represented DAPI. Data were collected from three independent experiments and expressed as mean ± SD.