Fig. 77

Early discrimination of stimulus in the MBs. A Recordings of PNs and MBONs activities from untrained honey bees to odor stimulation. At t = 0 s (green bar), an odor stimulation is presented. B Connectionist blueprint of the MBs, emphasizing synapses and population size. Note the divergence present between PN and KC layers, followed by convergence onto MBONs. C We reproduced in silico the early response (blue bar) of MBONs in the vertical lobe with respect to the PNs (orange bar) using spiking neuron networks. D Time differences in our simulations for each experiment repetition. Difference in response time between is on average 50 ms (one tail Mann–Whitney test, p < 0.025)