Fig. 1

HSS alters cellular functions and modulates the ABCA1 expression and PI3K/Akt/eNOS signaling in HBMEC. A Effect of SS on the viability of HBMECs. B Effect of SS on the caspase 3/7 activity in HBMECs. C Images of flow cytometry analysis of the apoptosis of HBMECs and related numerical quantification. D Images of Transwell analysis of the migration of HBMECs and related numerical quantification. E NO production in HBMECs. F ROS production in HBMECs. G ELISA detection of the release of inflammatory cytokines from HBMECs. H qRT-PCR detection of the inflammatory cytokines from HBMECs. I qRT-PCR detection of ABCA1, MMP9, AQP4, and CYP46 from HBMECs. J qRT-PCR detection of PI3K, AKT and eNOS from HBMECs. K Western blot images showing the expression of ABCA1, MMP9, AQP4, and CYP46 proteins in different groups. L Densitometry analysis of western blot images of ABCA1, MMP9, AQP4, and CYP46. M Western blot images showing the expression of PI3K, AKT and eNOS and their phosphorylated forms in different groups. N Densitometry analysis of western blot images of PI3K, AKT and eNOS and their phosphorylated forms. ^*p < 0.05, ^**p < 0.01, ^***p < 0.001, ^****p < 0.0001 versus control or between indicated compared group; ^#p < 0.05, ^##p < 0.01, ^###p < 0.001, ^####p < 0.001 versus PSS group. Full-length blots/gels are presented in Additional file 1: Figures S1 and S2