From: Effects of electrical muscle stimulation on cerebral blood flow
Variable | EMS | Control | P value | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Main effect | Interaction | ||||||
Pre | EMS | Pre | Rest | Condition | Time | ||
HR (bpm) | 63± 8 | 84 ± 17* | 62 ± 10 | 61 ± 9 | P = 0.01 | P = 0.03 | P = 0.005 |
MAP (mmHg) | 87 ± 4 | 95 ± 6** | 86 ± 3 | 85 ± 4 | P < 0.001 | P = 0.03 | P = 0.001 |
V̇E, l·min-1 | 9.9 ± 2.1 | 20.7 ± 6.7** | 9.0 ± 1.8 | 7.9 ± 0.9 | P = 0.001 | P = 0.004 | P = 0.001 |
V̇O2, mL min-1 | 255 ± 33 | 696 ± 268** | 263 ± 39 | 240 ± 23 | P = 0.001 | P = 0.001 | P = 0.001 |
PETCO2, mmHg | 41.5 ± 2.7 | 43.1 ± 2.3 | 42.0 ± 3.3 | 42.1 ± 2.9 | P = 0.67 | P = 0.048 | P = 0.25 |
ICA blood flow (ml min-1) | 330 ± 69 | 371 ± 81** | 346 ± 88 | 329 ± 78 * | P = 0.18 | P = 0.04 | P = 0.001 |
Diameter (mm) | 0.48 ± 0.04 | 0.50 ± 0.04 * | 0.48 ± 0.05 | 0.48 ± 0.04 | P = 0.25 | P = 0.08 | P = 0.049 |
Blood flow velocity (cm sec-1) | 30.3 ± 2.7 | 31.6 ± 3.2 | 31.6 ± 4.0 | 29.9 ± 2.5 | P = 0.85 | P = 0.76 | P = 0.04 |
ICA CVC (ml·min-1 mmHg-1) | 3.79 ± 0.80 | 3.93 ± 0.86* | 4.01± 1.00 | 3.85 ± 0.87 | P = 0.50 | P = 0.83 | P = 0.005 |
VA blood flow (ml min-1) | 125 ± 47 | 130 ± 45 | 122 ± 41 | 122± 41 | P = 0.58 | P = 0.50 | P = 0.16 |
Diameter (cm) | 0.33 ± 0.05 | 0.32 ± 0.05 | 0.32 ± 0.04 | 0.32 ± 0.05 | P = 0.61 | P = 0.86 | P = 0.49 |
Blood flow velocity (cm sec-1) | 24.1 ± 4.1 | 25.5 ± 3.7 | 24.2 ± 3.3 | 24.2 ± 3.5 | P = 0.67 | P = 0.27 | P = 0.17 |
VA CVC (ml·min-1 mmHg-1) | 1.42 ± 0.51 | 1.36 ± 0.44 | 1.41 ± 0.46 | 1.43 ± 0.49 | P = 0.77 | P = 0.77 | P = 0.09 |
gCBF blood flow (ml min-1) | 910 ± 192 | 1,002 ± 199*** | 937 ± 203 | 902 ± 184 | P = 0.04 | P = 0.08 | P < 0.001 |