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Fig. 7 | BMC Neuroscience

Fig. 7

From: Causal relationship of CA3 back-projection to the dentate gyrus and its role in CA1 fast ripple generation

Fig. 7

Overall pre- and post-fast ripple causal networks. a Schematic diagram of the resulting pre- and post-fast ripple causal network. Granger causality test was used. Only overall statistically significant connections (Table 1) are drawn (*p < .05, **p < .01, ***p < .001, ****p < .0001). In the precircuit, note the relevance of CA3 back-projection in the generation of fast ripples, and the "conventional" trisynaptic circuit is re-established in the postcircuit. The image was elaborated according the results of data analysis and is our own authorship. b Causal unit density and c causal flow among the trisynaptic circuit regions. Note the changes in b causal density in CA3 and the dentate gyrus (DG) before and after the fast ripple event. CA1 maintains its causal dynamics unchanged, and CA3 is always a causal hub. Also in c, the undetermined causal flow preceding the fast ripple may be interpreted as an increase in entropy in the circuit due to reverberating feedback between regions. The “conventional” causal flow of the circuit after the fast ripple event is re-established with the DG as the causal source and CA3 as the causal sink

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