Table 1 Demographic characteristics and cognitive test scores in the two study groups
MMD group (n = 15) | Control group (n = 20) | p value | Effect size | Cohen’s d | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sex (M:F) | 10:05 | 13:07 | 0.918 | ||
Age, years | 41.27 ± 10.36 | 48.95 ± 12.78 | 0.066 | − 0.31 | − 0.66 |
Education, years | 10.53 ± 2.26 | 11.10 ± 3.82 | 0.588 | − 0.09 | − 0.18 |
Neurocognition score | |||||
SPM | 15.93 ± 6.94 | 21.45 ± 9.13 | 0.06 | − 0.32 | − 0.68 |
ROT | 14.13 ± 7.28 | 18.15 ± 12.67 | 0.246 | − 0.19 | − 0.38 |
VWM1 | 6.93 ± 1.58 | 7.60 ± 1.73 | 0.25 | − 0.20 | − 0.40 |
VWM2 | 5.00 ± 1.56 | 6.20 ± 2.22 | 0.083 | − 0.29 | − 0.62 |
SUB | 30.73 ± 11.52 | 40.70 ± 9.57 | 0.009 | − 0.43 | − 0.94 |
COMSUB | 12.00 ± 6.09 | 19.60 ± 9.32 | 0.006 | − 0.43 | − 0.96 |
WORDM | 54.87 ± 14.48 | 64.40 ± 12.22 | 0.042 | − 0.34 | − 0.71 |
PICTM | 72.47 ± 6.97 | 73.90 ± 5.64 | 0.506 | − 0.11 | − 0.23 |
Medical history, n (%) | |||||
Hypertension | 4 (26.7) | 5 (25) | 0.911 | ||
Diabetes mellitus | 2 (13.3) | 2 (10) | 0.759 | ||
Smoking history | 3 (20) | 3 (15) | 0.698 | ||
Alcohol consumer | 3 (20) | 2 (10) | 0.403 | ||
Suzuki stage | |||||
Left | |||||
1 | 3 (20) | ||||
2 | 5 (33.3) | ||||
3 | 5 (33.3) | ||||
4 | 1 (6.7) | ||||
5 | 1 (6.7) | ||||
6 | 0 | ||||
Right | |||||
1 | 3 (20) | ||||
2 | 4 (26.7) | ||||
3 | 5 (33.3) | ||||
4 | 2 (13.3) | ||||
5 | 1 (6.7) | ||||
6 | 0 | ||||