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Fig. 3 | BMC Neuroscience

Fig. 3

From: Ammonia induced microglia activation was associated with limited effects on connexin 43 and aquaporin 4 expression in an astrocyte-microglia co-culture model

Fig. 3

Immunocytochemical analyses of microglial phenotypes under hyperammonemia a A significant and dose-dependent increase of activated, rounded phagocytic type of microglia (RPT) was observed in M5 co-cultures by immunocytochemistry after incubation with 5 mM and 10 mM NH4Cl for 6 and 24 h (n = 6 independent experiments). In parallel, the amount of resting ramified type of microglia (RRT) decreased significantly and dose-dependent. b The amount of intermediate type of microglia (INT) was increased significantly in M5 co-cultures after incubation with 5 mM and 10 mM NH4Cl for 6 h and in M30 co-cultures after incubation with 3 mM and 5 mM NH4Cl for 6 h. c Similar results to a were obtained in M30 co-cultures. Data were collected by n = 3 independent experiments. Comparisons between more than two groups with normal distribution were analyzed using One-way analysis of variance (One-way ANOVA) and Kruskal–Wallis test, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001

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BMC Neuroscience

ISSN: 1471-2202

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