Fig. 1

The NF-κB and phosphorylated IκBα (pIκBα) levels in DHA-enriched astrocytes treated with IL-1β. a The level of NF-κB was assessed by Western blot in the cytoplasmic and nuclear fractions of astrocytes incubated with, or without, 30 µM DHA for 24 h, followed by treatment with IL-1β (10 ng/ml) for 1 h. Cells untreated with DHA and IL-1β were used as controls. Full-length blots are presented in Additional file 1: Fig. S1. b NF-κB (red) and DAPI (blue) immunofluorescence in astrocytes treated as described above. c Dose-dependent inhibition of IκBα phosphorylation by DHA. The cells were incubated with various concentrations of DHA and treated with IL-1β. The data are given as means ± SEM. **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 compared to control, ^##p < 0.01, ^###p < 0.001 compared to IL-1β-treated cells