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Fig. 4 | BMC Neuroscience

Fig. 4

From: Effect of photobiomodulation therapy on neuronal injuries by ouabain: the regulation of Na, K-ATPase; Src; and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway

Fig. 4

Cells were treated with ouabain at the same concentration and exposure conditions as in cell viability assay and Na/K-ATPase activity with or without PBM was measured using the Na/K-ATPase activity assay kit. Ouabain inhibited Na/K-ATPase activity more 5 mM of concentration and 4 h exposure (a). In contrast, Na/K-ATPase activity was increased after PBM (b). ADP/ATP ratio were calculated the division of ADP converting enzyme differences per ATP monitoring enzyme values. ADP/ATP ratio was decreased at 3 mM ouabain for 8 h and at 5 mM ouabain for 4 h. Over 10 mM of ouabain, no value was measured (c). However, the ratio of ADP/ATP was increased after PBM with energy dose except the highest dose at 9.36 J/cm2 (d). Every assay was performed five times, and the results are expressed as the mean ± SD. *p < 0.1, **p < 0.05, and ***p < 0.001

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