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Table 3 Psychiatric symptoms in antibody positive cases (+) and controls (−)

From: The significance of anti-neuronal antibodies for acute psychiatric disorders: a retrospective case–controlled study

Clinical characteristic

NMDAR

pa

CASPR2

pa

GAD65

 

+ n = 21

− n = 42

+ n = 14

− n = 28

+ n = 9

− n = 18

pa

Hallucinations, n (%)

3 (14.3)

1 (2.4)

0.10

0 (0)

3 (10.7)

0.54

   

Delusions, n (%)

2 (9.5)

7 (16.7)

0.71

2 (14.3)

3 (10.7)

1.00

   

Lowered moodb, n (%)

10 (55.6)

16 (39.0)

0.24i

8 (61.5)

15 (60.0)

0.93i

5 (55.6)

11 (64.7)

0.69

Elevated moodc, n (%)

2 (11.1)

7 (17.1)

0.71

      

Irritabilityd, n (%)

3 (15.0)

6 (14.3)

1.00

3 (23.1)

5 (18.5)

1.00

1 (12.5)

5 (27.8)

0.63

Disorientatione, n (%)

1 (5.0)

7 (16.7)

0.26

4 (30.8)

4 (15.4)

0.40

0 (0)

2 (11.1)

1.00

Disinhibition (median (range))

1 (1–6)

1 (1–6)

0.57j

      

Agitation (median (range))f

8 (5–31)

8 (5–32)

0.62j

7 (5–27)

10 (5–21)

0.34j

10 (5–17)

8 (5–23)

0.98j

Symptom fluctuation (median (range))g

2 (1–7)

3 (1–8)

0.89j

      

Total sleep time (min) (mean (SD))h

458 (115)

476 (112)

0.66k

438 (109)

442 (114)

0.93k

   

Time awake after sleep onset (min) (mean (SD))h

39 (23)

37 (35)

0.90k

47 (18)

40 (24)

0.51k

   
  1. CASPR2 contactin-associated protein 2, GAD65 glutamic acid decarboxylase 65, NMDAR N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor, SD standard deviation
  2. aFisher’s exact test if not stated otherwise. Data missing on bNMDAR (3 cases, 1 control), CASPR2 (1 case, 3 controls), GAD65 (1 control); cNMDAR (3 cases, 1 control); dNMDAR (1 case), CASPR2 (1 case, 1 control), GAD65 (1 case); eNMDAR (1 case), CASPR2 (1 case, 2 controls), GAD65 (1 case); fCASPR2 (1 case, 1 control); gNMDAR (3 cases, 7 controls); hNMDAR (10 cases, 16 controls), CASPR2 (6 cases, 14 controls); iChi square; jMann Whitney U test; kT-test