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Table 2 Demographic and clinical data of patients with NMDAR, CASPR2 or GAD65 antibodies and of their controls

From: The significance of anti-neuronal antibodies for acute psychiatric disorders: a retrospective case–controlled study

 

NMDAR

CASPR2

GAD65

Cases (n = 21)

Controls (n = 42)

Cases (n = 14)

Controls (n = 28)

Cases (n = 9)

Controls (n = 18)

Age, mean (SD)

48.6 (16.3)

46.7 (14.2)

45.0 (16.1)

43.4 (14.7)

47.1 (14.0)

45.8 (11.8)

Sex, men (%)

62

62

71

71

56

56

Education, n (%)

      

 ≤ 9 years

9 (43)

20 (48)

6 (43)

9 (32)

4 (44)

7 (39)

 10–12 years

7 (33)

14 (33)

2 (14)

13 (46)

4 (44)

9 (50)

 > 12 years

5 (24)

8 (19)

6 (43)

6 (21)

1 (11)

2 (11)

Psychiatric diagnosis, n (%)

      

 Substance use disorder (F10–19)

4 (19)

7 (17)

3 (21)

6 (21)

2 (22)

3 (17)

 Psychotic disorder (F20–29)

1 (6)

6 (14)

2 (14)

6 (21)

1 (11)

1 (6)

 Affective disorder (F30–39)

8 (38)

20 (48)

5 (36)

12 (43)

3 (33)

9 (50)

 Other psychiatric disordersa

8 (38)

9 (21)

4 (29)

4 (14)

3 (33)

5 (28)

Psychopharmacological med. at admission, n (%)

      

 Antipsychotic med.

6 (29)

13 (31)

5 (36)

10 (36)

3 (33)

5 (28)

 Antipsychotic dose, mean (SD)b

482 (422)

458 (302)

241 (185)

324 (170)

1071 (124)

469 (276)*

 Antidepressive med.

8 (38)

9 (21)

4 (29)

8 (29)

3 (33)

6 (33)

 Mood stabilizing med.

3 (14)

10 (24)

2 (14)

4 (14)

2 (22)

3 (17)

 No psychopharmacological med.

10 (48)

18 (43)

5 (36)

12 (43)

4 (44)

8 (44)

Psychopharmacological med. at discharge, n (%)

      

 Antipsychotic med.

9 (43)

26 (62)

6 (43)

18 (64)

5 (56)

11 (61)

 Antipsychotic dose, mean (SD)b

418 (449)

408 (331)

222 (203)

342 (226)

784 (403)

331 (254)*

 Antidepressive med.

9 (43)

7 (17)*

4 (29)

7 (25)

2 (22)

6 (33)

 Mood stabilizing med.

6 (29)

15 (36)

5 (36)

6 (21)

2 (22)

5 (28)

 No psychopharmacological med.

5 (24)

10 (24)

3 (21)

5 (18)

2 (22)

5 (28)

Number of days admitted, mean (SD)

9.5 (11.4)

9.9 (9.1)

9.5 (6.1)

10.1 (11.6)

9.6 (9.3)

9.1 (8.3)

Alcohol or substance use days/weeks prior to admission, n (%)

16 (76)

21 (50)*

10 (71)

18 (64)

7 (78)

10 (56)

History of seizuresc

1 (6)

9 (25)

4 (40)

3 (13)

2 (22)

3 (18)

  1. CASPR2 contactin-associated protein 2, eq equivalents, GAD65 glutamic acid decarboxylase 65, med medication, NMDAR N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor, SD standard deviation
  2. *p < 0.05
  3. a3 patients with organic mental disorder (F00–09), 13 patients with anxiety disorders (F40–49), 7 patients with personality disorders (F60–69), 1 patient with mental retardation (F70–79), 1 patient with ADHD (F90–98) and 5 patients without specific psychiatric disorder (Z00–99); bchlorpromazine equivalents; cself-reported at admission (missing data; NMDAR, 3 cases and 6 controls; CASPR2, 4 cases and 5 controls; GAD, 1 control