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Fig. 5 | BMC Neuroscience

Fig. 5

From: Kuramoto model simulation of neural hubs and dynamic synchrony in the human cerebral connectome

Fig. 5

Modular frequency tracking during perturbation. When the internal frequencies of a particular module were perturbed, the evolution of the frequencies towards whole brain synchrony was tracked for each module. Panel a shows the case in which the hub nodes had their internal frequencies altered, and the rest of the modules were unable synchronize until the hub nodes’ frequency came down to the range of frequencies of the functional modules. Panel b shows the case in which a random set of nodes equal in number to the rich club has been perturbed. Here, synchronization occurred faster than when the hub nodes were perturbed, and the functional modules were able to synchronize before the random nodes join at a whole brain shared frequency. Panel c shows the case in which the largest functional module (Default Mode) was altered. Note that, in this case too, the rest of the modules are able to synchronize before the Default Mode module joins. The insets in each graph focus on the cortical coupling factors just before the perturbed set of nodes became synchronized with the unperturbed functional modules. From these insets, it is clear that perturbing the hub nodes causes less synchrony among the non-perturbed functional modules

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