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Table 1 Demographic, clinical, and behavioural characteristics

From: Decreased neural activity and neural connectivity while performing a set-shifting task after inhibiting repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on the left dorsal prefrontal cortex

 

Sham (N = 17)

Verum (N = 16)

p value

Demographics

Age (years)

57 ± 10 (41–70)

55 ± 9 (39–75)

.61a

Gender (% men)

11 (65%)

9 (56%)

.62b

Educatione

6 (3–7)

6 (4–7)

.04b

IQ estimation

110 ± 14 (82–130)

98 ± 12 (73–123)

.01a

Handedness (right)

16 (94%)

14 (88%)

.60c

Clinical measures

MMSE

29 (27–30)

29 (28–30)

.36d

BDI

1 (0–4)

2 (0–10)

.33d

BAI

1 (0–5)

1 (0–11)

.61d

Stimulation measures

Interval session 1–session 2 (days)

14 (7–35)

15 (6–28)

.93d

Interval stimulation–task (s)

356 (277–800)

319 (240–488)

.053d

Behavioural measures

Session 1: RT correct repeat trials (ms)

820 ± 201 (503–1,182)

849 ± 212 (540–1,269)

 

Session 2: RT correct repeat trials (ms)

738 ± 210 (483–1,167)

803 ± 191 (479–1,150)

 

Session 1: RT correct switch trials (ms)

901 ± 210 (519–1,286)

927 ± 230 (623–1,354)

 

Session 2: RT correct switch trials (ms)

842 ± 240 (541–1,286)

901 ± 244 (517–1,324)

 

Session 1: Switch costs (ms)

68 (−24–341)

61 (−23–269)

 

Session 2: Switch costs (ms)

107 (−5–201)

79 (1–234)

 

Session 1: Failed repeat trials (% of total)

.76 (0–4.08)

.73 (0–4.21)

 

Session 2: Failed repeat trials (% of total)

.71 (0–4.78)

.55 (0–3.51)

 

Session 1: Failed switch trials (% of total)

.37 (0–3.79)

.18 (0–2.19)

 

Session 2: Failed switch trials (% of total)

0 (0–1.76)

.74 (0–3.51)

 
  1. Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation or median (range) unless indicated otherwise.
  2. MMSE mini-mental state examination, BDI Beck depression inventory, BAI Beck anxiety inventory.
  3. aIndependent samples t test.
  4. bPearson’s χ2 test.
  5. cFisher’s exact test.
  6. dIndependent samples Mann–Whitney U test.
  7. eEducation level was measured in 7 levels ranging from 1 (no finished education) to 7 (university training).