Physiological and pathological aspects of Aβ in iron homeostasis via 5'UTR in the APP mRNA and the therapeutic use of iron-chelators

Table 2 Summary of the effect of various drugs/compounds targeted to the IRE in the APP mRNA 5'UTR on holo-APP and Aβ levels

Drug/compound	Mechanism of action	Holo-APP levels	Aβ levels	Reference
M30	Novel multifunctional iron chelator	↓	↓	[51]
VK28	Novel multifunctional iron chelator	↓	↓	Unpublished data
HLA20	Novel multifunctional iron chelator	↓	↓	Unpublished data
EGCG	Main polyphenol constituent of green tea	↓	↓	[56]
FDA approved drugs		↓	↓
DFO	Prototype iron chelator	↓	↓	[25]
Paroxetine	SSRI and chelator	↓	↓	[47, 65]
Dimercapropanol	Hg²⁺ and Pb²⁺ chelator	↓	↓	[47]
Phenserine	Anticholinesterase	↓	↓	[66]
Tetrathiomolybdate	Cu²⁺ chelator	↓	↓	[38]
Azithromycin	Macrolide antibiotic	↓	↓	[38]
Erythromycin	Macrolide antibiotic	↓	↓	[65]
N-acetyl cysteine	Antioxidant	↓	↓	[65]
XH-1	Bi-functional metal chelator	↓	↓	[48]

ISSN: 1471-2202