From: Imaging the neural circuitry and chemical control of aggressive motivation
Volume of Activation | % Change in BOLD Signal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Brain Area | Mate Alone | Mate + Intruder | Mate Alone | Mate + Intruder |
retrosplenial cortex | 26 (10, 61) | 50 (26, 99)** | 5.0 ± 0.3 | 10.5 ± 0.5* |
orbital cortex refs [30, 31, 203] | 9 (1, 14) | 19 (4, 44)* | 3.0 ± 0.2 | 4.1 ± 0.2 |
auditory cortex | 20 (4, 61) | 38 (23, 51)* | 4.3 ± 0.5 | 10.1 ± 0.6 |
somatosensory cortex | 114 (16, 266) | 221 (141, 392)* | 3.7 ± 0.3 | 11.9 ± 1.1 |
prelimbic cortex refs [30, 31, 203–205] | 2 (0, 11) | 8 (2, 25)* | 1.7 ± 0.1 | 3.5 ± 0.2* |
CA1 hippocampus refs [21, 30] | 27 (10, 67) | 46 (32, 110)* | 3.1 ± 0.2 | 5.7 ± 0.2* |
dentate gyrus refs [21, 30, 206] | 20 (3, 48) | 32 (22, 80)** | 2.8 ± 0.2 | 5.2 ± 0.2* |
cortical n. amygdala refs [28, 207–210] | 14 (5, 29) | 23 (14, 52)* | 4.6 ± 0.3 | 7.8 ± 0.3* |
basal n. amygdala ref [27] | 4 (1, 11) | 10 (2, 17)** | 3.1 ± 0.2 | 4.3 ± 0.2 |
medial n. amygdala refs [27–29, 205–207, 209–216] | 1 (0, 6) | 3 (0, 9)* | 2.7 ± 0.2 | 4.6 ± 0.2 |
bed n. stria terminalis refs [25, 27, 29, 30, 205–208, 211–214, 217] | 2 (0, 5) | 6 (2, 16)* | 3.4 ± 0.3 | 5.1 ± 0.2 |
lateral post. n. thalamus | 2 (0, 9) | 8 (2, 11)** | 1.6 ± 0.2 | 4.2 ± 0.2* |
anterior n. thalamus | 3 (0, 6) | 6 (2, 12)** | 1.4 ± 0.2 | 4.9 ± 0.2** |
ventral pallidum | 5 (0, 17) | 11 (6, 21)* | 2.2 ± 0.2 | 4.1 ± 0.2 |
lateral hypothalamus refs [25, 29, 32, 42, 44–48, 178, 211, 212, 214, 217–225] | 10 (3, 26) | 25 (6, 54)* | 3.1 ± 0.3 | 5.7 ± 0.2* |
PVN hypothalamus refs [205–207, 211, 213, 214, 217] | 1 (0, 2) | 3 (1, 5)* | 2.0 ± 0.1 | 3.8 ± 0.1 |