Ultra-fast speech comprehension in blind subjects engages primary visual cortex, fusiform gyrus, and pulvinar – a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study

Table 1 Clinical and behavioral data of the vision-impaired and healthy subjects

Subjects	Speech perception		Onset of blindness	Etiology of blindness	Characterization of visual deficits
	Ultra-fast utterances	Moderately fast utterances
N01	93	94	7	retinal detachment	no residual visual perception, visus 0 bilaterally
N02	91	85	14	retinitis pigmentosa	no statement
N03	78	90	Birth	optic atrophy	no residual visual perception, visus 0 bilaterally
N04	72	80	26	macular degeneration	light perception extant, visus 0.01 bilaterally
N05	67	85	7	hereditary vision loss (gene mutation)	no residual visual perception, visus 0 bilaterally
N06	65	89	44	uveitis intermedia	visus 0.3 bilaterally
N07	64	89	37	glaucoma	no statement
N08	62	82	24	retinitis pigmentosa	light perception extant
N09	60	84	17	retinal damages	visus 0 bilaterally
N10	57	99	13	retinal detachment	no residual visual perception, visus 0 bilaterally
N11	55	100	Birth	optic atrophy	light perception, dim object recognition
N12	39	74	18	retinal damages	visus 0 bilaterally
N13	32	63	Birth	viral infection	no residual visual perception, visus 0 bilaterally
N14	0	65	47	eye cataract, glaucoma	close vision > 24.5 diopter, visus 0 left, 1.5 right
N15	16	85	-	control
N16	16	99	-	control
N17	11	69	-	control
N18	6	61	-	control
N19	5	89	-	control
N20	4	71	-	control
N21	4	67	-	control
N22	9	81	-	control
N23	7	85	-	control
N24	16	96	-	control
N25	6	88	-	control
N26	8	78	-	control

ISSN: 1471-2202