Table 1 The group mean and standard deviation of the variables evaluated across pianists
From: Early optimization in finger dexterity of skilled pianists: implication of transcranial stimulation
Right hand | Left hand | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
RaLc | RcLa | sham | RaLc | RcLa | sham | ||||||||||
Pre | Post | Pre | Post | Pre | Post | Pre | Post | Pre | Post | Pre | Post | ||||
Trained keystrokes | IKI SD | mean | 11.0 | 9.8 | 11.7 | 10.3 | 11.5 | 10.1 | 9.9 | 10.2 | 11.2 | 10.3 | 10.8 | 9.7 | |
SD | 3.7 | 2.4 | 3.8 | 2.7 | 3.2 | 2.5 | 1.8 | 2.2 | 1.8 | 2.5 | 2.8 | 3.0 | |||
CD SD | mean | 17.1 | 16.2 | 19.0 | 16.4 | 16.4 | 16.7 | 14.2 | 14.7 | 15.9 | 14.0 | 15.0 | 17.5 | ||
SD | 3.9 | 4.2 | 4.6 | 3.2 | 3.9 | 4.8 | 3.7 | 3.9 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 9.9 | |||
Finger tapping | IK-mean | I | mean | 144.2 | 142.9 | 146.2 | 143.0 | 140.9 | 144.2 | 154.5 | 154.0 | 153.1 | 153.5 | 153.3 | 155.6 |
SD | 10.6 | 13.9 | 13.2 | 10.9 | 11.8 | 13.4 | 13.5 | 14.6 | 14.0 | 11.4 | 12.6 | 14.2 | |||
M | mean | 156.1 | 153.4 | 152.7 | 153.2 | 153.3 | 154.6 | 164.3 | 167.0 | 167.0 | 166.3 | 165.0 | 168.2 | ||
SD | 14.3 | 17.5 | 17.2 | 14.7 | 11.5 | 26.0 | 12.8 | 14.9 | 12.9 | 14.7 | 10.6 | 13.9 | |||
R | mean | 184.5 | 179.7 | 175.6 | 174.4 | 178.1 | 172.4 | 189.1 | 187.0 | 199.3 | 188.1 | 187.2 | 181.4 | ||
SD | 37.4 | 25.2 | 26.6 | 23.7 | 14.3 | 8.9 | 27.7 | 26.5 | 61.5 | 27.9 | 25.5 | 26.0 | |||
L | mean | 158.6 | 161.8 | 160.1 | 165.6 | 155.5 | 158.6 | 175.4 | 168.8 | 172.6 | 168.6 | 170.2 | 169.2 | ||
SD | 11.7 | 13.8 | 13.4 | 18.1 | 10.7 | 13.4 | 16.7 | 14.3 | 13.2 | 12.1 | 10.5 | 10.9 | |||
IKI-SD | I | mean | 12.7 | 11.3 | 13.1 | 11.9 | 13.0 | 12.4 | 15.8 | 13.0 | 18.1 | 14.6 | 17.7 | 15.1 | |
SD | 6.2 | 4.2 | 5.8 | 4.3 | 6.2 | 5.5 | 5.2 | 6.1 | 9.3 | 5.4 | 8.5 | 8.2 | |||
M | mean | 24.2 | 21.2 | 25.9 | 22.8 | 21.5 | 22.3 | 18.6 | 19.0 | 24.0 | 21.5 | 19.4 | 18.2 | ||
SD | 14.4 | 11.5 | 13.6 | 12.7 | 15.9 | 17.5 | 6.9 | 6.6 | 10.0 | 9.8 | 8.1 | 5.9 | |||
R | mean | 34.7 | 33.3 | 30.9 | 32.9 | 31.9 | 31.7 | 34.0 | 28.2 | 33.5 | 28.5 | 26.0 | 25.5 | ||
SD | 21.2 | 24.3 | 24.2 | 22.2 | 16.6 | 20.3 | 19.8 | 17.4 | 29.5 | 19.9 | 20.7 | 17.0 | |||
L | mean | 19.9 | 25.8 | 21.3 | 24.4 | 21.2 | 25.0 | 17.9 | 17.0 | 18.5 | 23.7 | 18.8 | 20.7 | ||
SD | 8.3 | 14.8 | 9.1 | 18.1 | 10.0 | 17.9 | 7.0 | 7.6 | 6.5 | 8.4 | 7.8 | 8.2 | |||
CD-mean | I | mean | 42.8 | 43.7 | 45.9 | 41.9 | 41.8 | 44.4 | 56.9 | 51.9 | 58.9 | 57.9 | 50.7 | 57.5 | |
SD | 12.0 | 15.1 | 14.2 | 9.2 | 12.8 | 11.1 | 17.4 | 15.0 | 15.4 | 18.6 | 12.5 | 16.3 | |||
M | mean | 55.0 | 52.7 | 61.0 | 58.3 | 63.7 | 52.5 | 65.3 | 62.5 | 65.8 | 66.7 | 62.2 | 62.8 | ||
SD | 8.5 | 13.2 | 22.4 | 18.4 | 31.3 | 14.2 | 17.8 | 16.6 | 20.6 | 22.4 | 19.3 | 19.0 | |||
R | mean | 84.5 | 76.2 | 75.6 | 65.2 | 68.2 | 62.9 | 90.2 | 78.0 | 80.8 | 78.9 | 78.2 | 79.2 | ||
SD | 43.5 | 32.4 | 22.9 | 16.5 | 18.9 | 19.1 | 23.0 | 21.4 | 19.6 | 25.8 | 22.5 | 21.0 | |||
L | mean | 59.4 | 64.0 | 61.5 | 62.0 | 58.8 | 60.7 | 78.2 | 68.9 | 69.8 | 61.4 | 71.6 | 66.1 | ||
SD | 19.3 | 27.0 | 19.7 | 18.5 | 18.2 | 20.2 | 24.3 | 18.0 | 22.5 | 17.3 | 21.3 | 19.0 | |||
CD-SD | I | mean | 8.3 | 7.2 | 7.3 | 6.7 | 7.8 | 8.2 | 13.2 | 10.0 | 13.4 | 11.2 | 10.6 | 11.0 | |
SD | 4.8 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 3.6 | 4.9 | 5.7 | 6.1 | 4.3 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 4.3 | 3.7 | |||
M | mean | 13.7 | 11.2 | 13.1 | 11.3 | 13.4 | 12.0 | 14. | 15.0 | 16.0 | 14.8 | 14.9 | 12.7 | ||
SD | 6.2 | 6.3 | 5.6 | 5.9 | 9.1 | 10.2 | 5.8 | 6.3 | 5.6 | 8.7 | 6.5 | 4.7 | |||
R | mean | 20.0 | 19.2 | 17.9 | 14.2 | 17.7 | 14.5 | 18.5 | 17.9 | 20.7 | 19.3 | 17.6 | 18.7 | ||
SD | 12.6 | 11.7 | 6.4 | 4.6 | 8.7 | 5.3 | 5.6 | 7.2 | 7.8 | 11.6 | 7.2 | 6.5 | |||
L | mean | 12.5 | 15.8 | 14.7 | 12.6 | 10.6 | 11.4 | 15.5 | 14.9 | 14.8 | 14.7 | 15.9 | 15.1 | ||
SD | 5.5 | 12.1 | 5.2 | 5.3 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 5.8 | 5.1 | 5.9 | 6.3 | 5.4 | 6.5 | |||