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Figure 2 | BMC Neuroscience

Figure 2

From: Auditory-motor adaptation to frequency-altered auditory feedback occurs when participants ignore feedback

Figure 2

Average fundamental frequency ( F 0 ) values across blocks (5 trials per block) of unaltered (baseline) and frequency-altered feedback (FAF) trials when participants were instructed to ‘compensate’ or ‘ignore’ changes in auditory feedback. F 0 was calculated relative to the target note from each block. The median F 0 value was calculated for the initial 1500 ms of vocal productions. The vertical dotted line indicates the commencement of FAF trials. (A) Nonsingers’ median 1500 ms data across blocks of unaltered and FAF trials, when auditory feedback was gradually (-2 cent increments across trials to -100 cents) shifted in pitch. Black squares represent nonsingers’ F0 values when instructed to ‘compensate’ for FAF. Gray diamonds represent nonsingers’ F0 values when instructed to ‘ignore’ the FAF. Error bars depict standard error of the mean. (B) Singers’ median 1500 ms data across blocks of unaltered and FAF trials, when auditory feedback was gradually (-2 cent increments across trials to -100 cents) shifted in pitch. Black squares represent singers’ F0 values when instructed to ‘compensate’ for FAF. Gray diamonds represent singers’ F0 values when instructed to ‘ignore’ the FAF. Error bars depict standard error of the mean. (C) Nonsingers’ median 1500 ms data across blocks of unaltered and FAF trials, when auditory feedback was constantly shifted down by -100 cents. Black squares represent nonsingers’ F0 values when instructed to ‘compensate’ for FAF. Gray diamonds represent nonsingers’ F0 values when instructed to ‘ignore’ the FAF. Error bars depict standard error of the mean. (D) Singers’ median 1500 ms data across blocks of unaltered and FAF trials, when auditory feedback was constantly shifted down by -100 cents. Black squares represent singers’ F0 values when instructed to ‘compensate’ for FAF. Gray diamonds represent singers’ F0 values when instructed to ‘ignore’ the FAF. Error bars depict standard error of the mean.

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