Figure 3From: Levetiracetam attenuates hippocampal expression of synaptic plasticity-related immediate early and late response genes in amygdala-kindled ratsQuantitative RT-PCR on total RNA from the contralateral hippocampus of individual control and amygdala-kindled rats of A . Pcdh-8, B . COX-2, C . TIEG1 and D . GAPDH. The relative expression level of each cDNA was calculated by the ΔΔ-method, normalized to the expression levels of β-actin in the sample. GAPDH was used as a control. The qPCR data is presented as mean ± SEM.Back to article page