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Table 1 Overall sleep time in the White-crowned sparrow was reduced in migratory periods and in periods of longer daylight

From: Seasonal influences on sleep and executive function in the migratory White-crowned Sparrow (Zonotrichia leucophrys gambelii)

 

Percent

Season

Wake

Drowsy

SWS

REM

Winter

48.3%

14.9%

36.6%

0.168%

 

± 2.2%

± 0.6%

± 2.2%

0.020%

Spring

66.8%

15.3%

17.8%

0.108%

 

± 4.5%

± 5.6%

± 3.3%

0.029%

Summer

73.1%

12.3%

14.6%

0.068%

 

± 4.4%

± 6.0%

± 2.3%

0.035%

Fall

67.1%

14.0%

18.8%

0.147%

 

± 5.6%

± 0.5%

± 5.1%

0.047%

 

Hours

Season

Wake

Drowsy

Sleep

Daylight

Winter

11.6

3.58

8.8

9

 

± 0.54

± 0.15

± 0.53

 

Spring

16.02

3.67

4.28

13

 

± 1.2

± 1.07

± 0.8

 

Summer

17.53

2.96

3.51

21

 

± 1.05

± 1.44

± 0.57

 

Fall

16.13

3.36

4.56

14.29

 

± 1.21

± 0.13

± 1.38

± 1.02

  1. (Top) Average percentage (mean ± SEM) of 24-hour recording time spent in each behavioral state across season. (Bottom) Number of hours per 24-hour recording time that birds spent in each vigilance state and the corresponding length of daylight. REM has been added to SWS and labeled as "sleep", since REM sleep amounts were minimal throughout. (winter n = 4, spring n = 5, summer n = 4, fall n = 3).