Table 1 Average levels ± SEM of measured absolute metabolites in institutional units for NAA, Glx, Cr, Cho and MI in SIV infected macaques analyzed by in vivo MR spectroscopy

NAA

Uninfected

6.86 ± 0.19

7.94 ± 0.24

7.38 ± 0.15

2 wpi

6.26 ± 0.15

7.82 ± 0.13

7.17 ± 0.16

4 wpi

6.83 ± 0.79

7.92 ± 0.65

7.22 ± 0.68

RM ANOVA

P = 0.025

NS

NS

Holm't t-test pre – 2 wpi.

P = 0.011

Holm's t-test pre – 4 wpi

NS

Holm's t-test 2 wpi – 4 wpi

P = 0.035

Paired t-test pre – 2 wpi

P = 0.021

NS

NS

Glx

Uninfected

12.30 ± 0.26

11.71 ± 0.32

11.96 ± 0.23

2 wpi

11.81 ± 0.29

11.14 ± 0.38

11.07 ± 0.29

4 wpi

12.80 ± 0.29

11.26 ± 0.31

12.03 ± 0.30

RM ANOVA

NS

NS

NS

Holm't t-test pre – 2 wpi

Holm's t-test pre – 4 wpi

Holm's t-test 2 wpi – 4 wpi

Paired t-test pre – 2 wpi

NS

NS

P = 0.052

Cr

Uninfected

5.60 ± 0.09

5.76 ± 0.14

6.65 ± 0.10

2 wpi

5.450 ± 0.13

6.15 ± 0.13

6.49 ± 0.08

4 wpi

5.78 ± 0.10

6.01 ± 0.18

6.53 ± 0.14

RM ANOVA

NS

P = 0.025

NS

Holm't t-test pre – 2 wpi

P = 0.007

Holm's t-test pre – 4 wpi

NS

Holm's t-test 2 wpi – 4 wpi

NS

Paired t-test pre – 2 wpi

NS

P = 0.003

NS

Cho

Uninfected

1.014 ± 0.03

0.9754 ± 0.04

1.18 ± 0.03

2 wpi

1.066 ± 0.025

1.078 ± 0.05

1.20 ± 0.04

4 wpi

0.91 ± 0.04

0.9334 ± 0.04

1.10 ± 0.06

RM ANOVA

P < 0.0001

P = 0.007

NS

Holm't t-test pre – 2 wpi

P = 0.077

P = 0.008

Holm's t-test pre – 4 wpi

P = 0.016

NS

Holm's t-test 2 wpi – 4 wpi

P < 0.0001

P = 0.004

Paired t-test pre – 2 wpi

NS

NS

NS

MI

Uninfected

5.25 ± 0.14

4.72 ± 0.18

5.06 ± 0.12

2 wpi

5.81 ± 0.08

5.15 ± 0.13

5.21 ± 0.15

4 wpi

5.98 ± 0.23

5.45 ± 0.23

5.45 ± 0.18

RM ANOVA

P = 0.048

P = 0.033

NS

Holm't t-test pre – 2 wpi

P = 0.080

P = 0.051

Holm's t-test pre – 4 wpi

P = 0.018

P = 0.013

Holm's t-test 2 wpi – 4 wpi

NS

NS

Paired t-test pre – 2 wpi

P = 0.003

P = 0.029

NS